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Chapter 1 Introduction to e-business and e-commerce 25

Virtual worlds. Increased use of immersive virtual environments such as Second Life;
Personal data integration. Increased exchange of data between social networks
fulfilling different needs (as indicated by the recent Google development of
OpenSocial);
The semantic web. Increased use of semantic markup leading to the semantic web
envisioned by Tim Berners-Lee over 10 years ago. It seems semantic markup will
be needed to develop artificial intelligence applications which recommend content
and services to web users without their actively having to seek them and apply
their own judgement as to the best products and brands (e.g. an automated shop-
ping comparison service) (as suggested by the use of standardized data feeds
between shopping comparison sites and Google Base).

Supply chain management
Supply chain
management (SCM) When distinguishing between buy-side and sell-side e-commerce we are looking at different
The coordination of all aspects of managing an organization’s supply chain. Supply chain management (SCM) is
supply activities of an the coordination of all supply activities of an organization from its suppliers and delivery of
organization from its
suppliers and partners to products to its customers. The opportunities for using e-commerce to streamline and
its customers. restructure the supply chain are described in more detail in Chapter 6. The value chain is a
related concept that describes the different value-adding activities that connect a company’s
Value chain
supply side with its demand side. We can identify an internal value chain within the bound-
A model for analysis of
how supply chain aries of an organization and an external value chain where these activities are performed by
activities can add value
to products and services partners. Note that in the era of e-business a company will manage many interrelated value
delivered to the customer. chains, so in Chapter 6 we also consider the concept of a value network.

Connections Semantic Web SWRL The WebOS Intelligent personal agents
Web 4.0
2020 – 2030

Web 3.0
Distributed Search
OWL
2010 – 2020
Semantic Databases
SPARQL
Information SOAP XML OpenID RSS ATOM Office 2.0 Social Media Sharing
AJAX
Semantic Search
Widgets
RDF
P2P
Mashups
Web 2.0
Javascript
Flash
Weblogs
2000 – 2010
Java
HTML
Social Networking
SaaS
Web
Directory Portals
HTTP
of World Wide VR Web 1.0 Websites Wikis Lightweight Collaboration
Keyword Search
Semantics Desktop MMO’s MacOS SQL Databases
BBS
Gopher
1990 – 2000
Groupware
SGML
Windows
BBS
Email PC Era File Servers
FTP IRC 1980 – 1990
USENET
PC’s File Systems
Semantics of Social Connections
Figure 1.7 Evolution of web technologies. Source: Adapted from Spivack (2007)