Page 205 - Effective Communication Soft Skills Strategies For Success by Nitin Bhatnagar, Mamta Bhatnagar

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Communication: Spoken English | 193

Nasal Alveoli
cavity

Palate
Soft palate

Tongue
Apex
Dorsum of the tongue
Back of the tongue
Uvula

Pharynx
Epiglottis

Vocal cords
Lips
(labia)
Esophagus
Larynx
Outside - Adam's apple
Inside - Voice box

Windpipe
Figure 9.1
Diagram of the speech organs
eight are called diphthongs or vowel glides. These are produced when the
tongue shifts positions. The tongue takes two positions in order to produce
these sounds. Try saying the words ‘see’ and ‘sky’. You will notice that, while
you articulate the vowel sounds in these words, the tongue takes just one
position for the first word (/iː/ in see) but takes two positions for the second
(/a'/ in sky).
The sounds that are produced when the air stream that is moving out
of the lungs is obstructed at some point or the other before being released
to the exterior are called consonants. There are 24 consonant sounds in the
English language.
It is convenient to use the phonetic symbols suggested by the International
Phonetic Association to represent the sounds of speech. Let us first list out
the consonant sounds.

Bhatnagar_Chapter 09.indd 193 2011-06-23 7:52:56 PM
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