Page 74 - Effective group discussion theory and practice by Adams, Katherine H. Brilhart, John K. Galanes, Gloria J

The Small Group as a System 57

Components of a System
We earlier defined a system as a set of relationships among interdependent, interact-
ing components and forces. A system is not only about the parts it comprises but just
as importantly about how those parts become interrelated. In this section we will look
at three of the most common system components, which are its characteristics or
dimensions summarized in Figure 3.1. As we identify those characteristics we will

FIGURE 3.1 Model of a small group as a system

Inputs
Members Resources
Needs and Knowledge
motives Expertise
Attitudes Funds
Beliefs and Tools
values Time available
Skills Computer
Personal technology
Environment characteristics Etc.
Physical Culture
Number of
Social members
Parent organization Diversity of Feedback Channels
Society and culture members
Competing groups

Outputs
Throughput Processes Tangible Intangible
Members’ behaviors and roles Report Member
Norms Recommendations satisfaction
Status and power relationships Solutions Modifications
Conflict/cooperation Product in throughput
Communication network processes
Socialization of members (norms, networks,
Procedures procedures)
Communication Group development
Problem solving Cohesiveness
Investigating
Decision making
Taking action

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