Page 120 - Electrical Engineering Dictionary

carry bit See carry. cascade connection a series connection
of amplifier stages or networks in which the
carry flag See carry. output of one feeds the input of the next.
cascade system a 3-level system
carry look-ahead adder high-speed
containing high-, intermediate-, and low-
adder that uses extra combinational logic to
energy states. Resembling a cascade,
generate all carries in an m-bit block in paral-
these states are coupled, in that sequence,
lel. A method of generating the signals corre-
by two electromagnetic fields. See also
sponding to the carries (borrows) in an addi-
cathodoluminescent.
tion (subtraction) circuit that does not require
all the lower order carries to be determined;
cascode a circuit technique in which the
a high-speed carry.
current output of the collector (drain) of a
BJT (FET) is buffered by a common base
Cartesian-based control the system de-
(common gate) amplifier stage. The purpose
picted in the figure. Notice that inverse kine-
is to increase the bandwidth and/or output
matics is embedded into the feedback control
resistance.
loop. Due to the inverse kinematics calcula-
tions, Cartesian-based control is of greater
cascode amplifier an amplifier consisting
computational complexity. Here X d , X d ,
˙
of a grounded-emitter input stage that drives
and X d denote position, velocity, and accel-
¨
a grounded-base output stage; advantages in-
eration of the desired trajectory in Cartesian
clude high gain and low noise; widely used
space. τ is a vector of generalized forces and
in television tuners. See also cascode.
q is a vector of generalized positions.
CASE See computer-aided software
engineering.
castellation recessed metallized feature
ontheedgesofachipcarrierthatinterconnect
Cartesian-based control scheme. conductingsurfacesorplaneswithinoronthe
chip carrier.
Cartesian product a mathematical oper- casual filter a filter of which the transition
ation on two sets. The Cartesian product of from the passband to the stopband is gradual,
two sets, say A and B, denoted A × B, is the not ideal. This filter is realizable.
set of all ordered pairs with the first element
of each pair an element of A and the other an catadioptric an optical system made up
element of B. That is, of both refractive elements (lenses) and re-
flective elements (mirrors).

A × B ={(a, b) | a ∈ A and b ∈ B}
catastrophic code a convolutional code
in which a finite number of code symbol er-
rors can cause an unlimited number of de-
Cartesian space See external space. coded symbol errors.

cartridge fuse replaceable electrical catastrophic encoder a convolutional
safety device in which metal melts and in- encoder with at least one loop in the state-
terrupts the circuit when the current exceeds transition diagram with zero accumulated
a preset limit in duration and magnitude. code symbol weight, at least one nonzero in-

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