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equation                               CCVT     See coupling capacitor voltage
                                                                     transformer.
                                       n 1  n 2
                                      X X
                                            a ij T i+h,j+k = 0
                                                                     CD   Seecompactdisk, criticaldimension.
                                      i=0 j=0
                              for h = 0, 1,... and k = 0, 1,... where  CD  See critical dimension.
                              a ij are coefficients of the 2-D characteristic
                              polynomial                             cd   See candela.

                                         z
                                       I n 1 1 − A 1  −A 2           CD-I   See compact disk-interactive.
                                  det
                                                   z
                                         −A 3   I n 2 2 − A 4
                                                                     CD-ROM     a read-only compact disk. See
                                      n 1  n 2
                                     X X       i j
                                   =        a ij z z     = 1         also compact disk.
                                               1 2  a n 1 n 2
                                      i=0 j=0
                                                                     CDF    Seecumulativedistributionfunction.
                              CB    See Citizen’s band.
                                                                     CDMA        See code division multiple
                              CBE    See chemical beam epitaxy.      access.
                              CBR    See constant bit rate.          CdS    abbreviation for cadmium sulfide,
                                                                     a photoconductor with good visible light re-
                              CCD     See charge-coupled device.     sponse.
                              CCDmemory     Seecharge-coupled-device  CEL   See contrast enhancement layer.
                              memory.
                                                                     CELL     See surface-emitting laser logic.
                              CCDF      See complementary cumulative
                              distribution function.                 cell   (1) in mobile radio communica-
                                                                     tions, the area serviced by one base sta-
                              CCI    See cochannel interference.     tion. One way of categorizing the cells is
                                                                     according to their size. Cell sizes may range
                              CCIR    SeeInternationalRadioConsultative  from a few meters to many hundred kilome-
                              Committee.                             ters. See also picocell, nanocell, nodal cell,
                                                                     microcell, macro cell, large cell, megacell,
                              CCITT    SeeComit´ eConsulatifInternational  satellite cell.
                              T´ el´ egraphique et T´ el´ ephonique.   (2) in ATM systems a small packet of fixed
                                                                     length. The CCITT chose a cell size of 53-
                              CCITT two-dimensional     a modified    bytes comprising a 5-byte header and 48-byte
                              relative element address designate scheme.  payload for their ATM network.
                              The position of each changing element on
                              the present line is coded with respect to the  cell library  a collection of simple logic
                              changing element on the reference line or the  elements that have been designed in accor-
                              preceding changing element on the present  dance with a specific set of design rules and
                              line. The reference line lies immediately  fabrication processes. Interconnections of
                              above the present line.                such logic elements are often used in semi-
                                                                     custom design of more complex IC chips.
                              CCR     See cochannel reuse ratio.
                                                                     cell switching  means of switching data
                              CCS    See common channel signaling.   among the ports (inputs and outputs) of a



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