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lable and observable, and uncontrollable and           −A 2 − B 1 K 2
                                                                                     z
                              unobservable parts. See also controllability.       I n 2 2 − A 4 − B 2 K 2

                                5. For matrix transfer functions, decom-            B 1
                                                                                ×       H
                              position transforms it to the form composed           B 2
                              of specific blocks used in chosen design pro-
                                                                                                 h
                              cedure. See also H infinity design.     is diagonal and nonsingular, where x ∈ R n 1
                                                                                                 ij
                                (2) in fuzzy systems, if the fuzzy relation  and x v  ∈ R n 2  are horizontal and vertical
                                                                         ij
                              R is a composition of the fuzzy relations A  state vectors, respectively, and u ij ∈ R m  is
                              and B, then the determination of A given B  the input vector, v ij ∈ R m  is a new input
                                                                                  p
                              and R is referred to as a decomposition of R  vector, y ij ∈ R is the output vector, and
                              with respect to B.                     A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , B 1 , B 2 , C 1 , C 2 , are given
                                                                     real matrices.
                              decorrelation  the act of removing or
                              reducing correlation between random vari-  decrement  to reduce the value of a vari-
                              ables. For random vectors a discrete linear  ableorcontentofaregisterbyafixedamount,
                              transform is often used to reduce the correla-  normally one.
                              tion between the vector components.
                                                                     decryption   a process, implemented in
                              decorrelator  a linear code-division multi-  hardware or software, for reconstructing data
                              ple-access receiver, which takes the data vec-  previously coded by using a cryptography al-
                              tor output from a bank of filters matched to  gorithm, that is encrypted data. These al-
                              the desired users’ spreading sequences, and  gorithms are typically based on keywords or
                              multiplies by a matrix which is the inverse of  codes.
                              the spreading-sequence correlation matrix.
                                                                     DECT     See digital European cordless
                              decoupled load flow  a load-flow study in
                                                                     telephone.
                              which certain simplifying assumptions per-
                              mit an accelerated solution.           deep-bar rotor  a squirrel-cage induction
                                                                     motor rotor in which the rotor bars are deep
                              decoupling problem for 2-D linear systems
                                                                     and narrow, to make the effective resistance,
                              given the 2-D Roesser model
                                                                     and therefore the torque, higher at starting.
                              "  h   #             "  h  #
                                x                  x
                                 i+1,j  =  A 1 A 2  ij  +  B 1
                                x v       A 3 A 4  x v     B 2  u ij  deep-UV lithography  lithography using
                                 i,j+1              ij
                                                                     light of a wavelength in the range of about
                                                 "   #
                                                 x h                 150 nm to 300 nm, with about 250 nm being

                                                   ij
                                    y ij = C 1 C 2  v
                                                  x                  the most common.
                                                   ij
                              i, j ∈ Z + (the set of nonnegative integers),  default  the value or status that is assumed
                              find matrices K = [K 1 ,K 2 ] and H(detH 6=  unless otherwise specified.
                              0) of the control law
                                        "  h  #                      deferredaddressing  Seeindirectaddress-
                                          x ij
                                 u ij = K  v  + Hv ij i, j ∈ Z +     ing.
                                          x
                                           ij
                              such that the transfer function matrix of the  deferred evaluation  a scheduling policy
                              closed-loop system                     under which a task is not scheduled until it
                                                                     has been determined that the results of that

                                                                     task are required by another task that is in
                              T c (z 1 ,z 2 ) = C 1 C 2

                                               z
                                             I n 1 1 − A 1 − B 1 − K 1  execution and cannot proceed without these
                                          ×
                                               −A 3 − B 2 − K 1      results.
                              c 
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