Page 198 - Electrical Engineering Dictionary

ˆ x i,j = Lz i,j + Ky i,j deadlock a condition when a set of pro-
cesses using shared resources or commu-
i, j ∈ Z + (the set of nonnegative integers) is nicating with each other are permanently
called a full-order deadbeat observer of the
blocked.
second generalized Fornasini–Marchesini 2-
D model deadtime the time that elapses between
the instant that a system input is perturbed
Ex i+1,j+1 = A 1 x i+1,j + A 2 x i,j+1
and the time that its output starts to respond
+ B 1 u i+1,j + B 2 u i,j+1 to that input.
y i,j = Cx i,j + Du i,j
debug to remove errors from hardware or
i, j ∈ Z + if there exists finite integers M, N software. See also bug.
such that ˆx i,j = x i,j for i> M, j > N, and
any u ij ,y ij and boundary conditions x i0 for debug port the facility to switch the pro-
i ∈ Z + and x 0j for j ∈ Z + where z ij ∈ R n
cessor from run mode into probe mode to
is the local state vector of the observer at the access its debug and general registers.
point (i, j), u ij ∈ R m is the input, y i,j ∈
p
n
R is the output, and x i,j ∈ R is the local debugger (1) a program that allows in-
semistate vector of the model, F 1 , F 2 , G 1 , teractive analysis of a running program, by
G 2 , H 1 , H 2 , L, K, E, A 1 , A 2 , B 1 , B 2 , C, D allowing the user to pause execution of the
are real matrices of appropriate dimensions running program and examine its variables
and path of execution at any point.
with E possibly singular or rectangular, Z +
is the set of nonnegative integers. In a similar
(2) program that aids in debugging.
way, a full-order asymptotic observer can be
defined for other types of the generalized 2-D
debugging (1) locating and correcting er-
models.
rors in a circuit or a computer program.
(2) determining the exact nature and loca-
deadbeat control of 2-D linear systems
tion of a program error, and fixing the error.
given the 2-D Roesser model
" h # " h # debuncher a radio frequency cavity
x x
i+1,j = A 1 A 2 ij + B 1 phased so that particles at the leading edge
x v A 3 A 4 x v B 2 u ij
i,j+1 ij of a bunch of beam particles (higher momen-
tum particles) are decelerated while the trail-
i, j ∈ Z + (the set of nonnegative integers)
ing particles are accelerated, thereby reduc-
" #
x h ing the range of momenta in the beam.

ij
y ij = C 1 C 2 v
x
ij
Debye material a dispersive dielec-
tric medium characterized by a complex-
h
with boundary conditions x 0j = 0 for j ≥ valued frequency domain susceptibility func-
N 2 and x v = 0 for i ≥ N 1 , find an input
i0 tion with one or more real poles. Water is an
vector sequence
example of such a material.

6= 0 for 0 ≤ i ≤ N 1 , 0 ≤ j ≤ N 2
u ij = Debye media See Debye material.
= 0 for i> N 1 and j> N 2
such that the output vector y ij = 0 for all decade synonymous with power of ten.
n
i> N 1 and j> N 2 where x h ∈ R and In context, a tenfold change in frequency.
ij 1
v
n
x ∈ R are the horizontal and vertical state
ij 2
vectors, respectively, and A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , decade bandwidth 10:1 bandwidth ratio
C 1 , C 2 are real matrices. (the high-end frequency is ten times the low-
c
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