Page 71 - Electrical Engineering Dictionary

tervals. This eliminates the high-frequency Ayrton, William Edward (1847–1908)
dynamics, but preserves the slower dynam- Born: London, England
ics of the system. Ayrton is best known as the inventor of
a number of electrical measurement devices
averaging the sum of N samples, im- and as an engineering educator. Ayrton’s
ages or functions, followed by division of early work was with the Indian Telegraph
the result by N. Has the effect of reduc- Service, after which he studied with William
ing noise levels. See also blurring, image Thomson (Lord Kelvin) in Glasgow. Af-
smoothing, mean filter, noise smoothing, ter several more telegraph assignments Ayr-
noise suppression, smoothing. ton traveled to Tokyo, where he established
the first electrical engineering teaching lab-
AVR See automatic voltage regulator. oratory at the Imperial Engineering College.
Among his many inventions he is credited
AWG American Wire Gauge, a system with the ammeter and an improved voltmeter.
of wire sizing used in the USA especially His wife Bertha was also an active researcher
in smaller conductors used in residential and and became the first woman to be admitted
commercial wiring. to the Institute of Electrical Engineers.

AWGN See additive white Gaussian azimuth recording a recording scheme
noise. whereby the data is recorded at an acute angle
fromthedirectionofmovementoftherecord-
axon the conducting portion of a nerve
ing medium. Used in the recording scheme
fiber — a roughly tubular structure whose
of video information, FM radio, and audio in
wall is composed of the cellular membrane
VCRs.
and is filled with an ionic medium.

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2000 by CRC Press LLC