Page 81 - Electrical Properties of Materials

7p –
7s – 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
6f 6d – – 1 2 3 4 – 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Number of electrons 6p 6s 5g – 2 – 2 2 2 0 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 2 2 2 2

5d 5f – 3 4 5 6 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 5 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 10 10 10 11 10
5p 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Element symbol Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf – –

Atomic number 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
6s – – 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
5g – – –
5f 5d – – – – 1 – – – – – – 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 – 2
Number of electrons 5p 5s – 1 – 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 – 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 2 6 2 3 6 2 4 6 2 5 6 2 6 6 2 7 6 2 7 6 2 8 6 2 9 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2

4d 4f – – – – – 1 – 2 – 4 – 5 – 6 – 7 – 8 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 – 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 12 10 13 10 14 10 14 10
4p 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
4s 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Element symbol Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf

Atomic number 4f 4d 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 – –
The electronic configurations of the elements Number of electrons 4p 4s 3d 3p 3s 2p 2s 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 1 6 2 2 6 2 1 2 6 2 2 2 6 2 3 2 6 2 4 2 6 2 5 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 1 – 6 2 6 2 2 – 6 2 6 2

Table 4.1 Element Atomic symbol number 1s 1 H 1 2 He 2 2 Li 3 2 Be 4 2 B 5 2 C 6 2 N 7 2 O 8 2 F 9 2 Ne 10 2 Na 11 2 Mg 12 2 Al 13 2 Si 14 2 P 15 2 S 16 2 Cl 17 2 A 18 2 K 19 2 Ca 20 2 Sc 21 2