Page 271 - Encyclopedia of Business and Finance
P. 271

eobf_E  7/5/06  3:00 PM  Page 248


             Employee Motivation


             6. The supervisor should warn the employee of the  BIBLIOGRAPHY
                result of repeated violations. Sometimes suggestions  Benton, Douglas A. (1998). Applied Human Relations (6th ed).
                                                                Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
                to the employee on ways to correct behavior are
                                                              Champagne, Paul J., and McAfee, R. Bruce (1989). Motivating
                beneficial. Supervisors should be very reluctant to
                                                                Strategies for Performance and Productivity. New York: Quo-
                impose disciplinary suspensions and to discharge
                                                                rum Books.
                workers. Usually, discipline of this degree is reserved
                                                              Greenberg, Jerald (1999). Managing Behavior in Organizations:
                for higher levels of management. However, even  Science in Service to Practice. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pren-
                though supervisors usually lack the power to admin-  tice-Hall.
                ister disciplinary suspensions or to discharge work-  Hersey, Paul, Blanchard, Kenneth H., and Johnson, Dewey E.
                ers, they are nearly always the ones who must   (2001). Management of Organizational Behavior. Upper Sad-
                recommend such action to higher management.     dle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
                                                              Rue, Leslie W., and Byars, Lloyd L. (2004). Supervision: Key
             7. Finally, it is necessary to document the action taken
                                                                Link to Productivity. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
                and inform others in the organization. Any time an
                                                              Whetten, David A., and Cameron, Kim S. (2005). Developing
                organization takes disciplinary action, it must con-  Management Skills. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice
                sider the possibility of an Equal Employment    Hall.
                Opportunity complaint. The documentation should  Wray, Ralph D., Luft, Roger L., and Highland, Patrick J.
                be sufficiently detailed that another manager at a  (1996). Fundamentals of Human Relations. Cincinnati, OH:
                similar level in the organization would come to the  South-Western Educational Publishing.
                same conclusions or least see clearly why the deci-  Yukl, Gary (2005). Leadership in Organizations. Upper Saddle
                sion was made. Sufficient documentation does not  River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice-Hall.
                mean that every detail of an individual’s work needs
                to be recorded. Rather, the manager should keep                               Marcia Anderson
                accurate records of those elements that significantly
                contribute to or hamper the work effort. In addi-
                tion, this information, both positive and negative,
                should be communicated to the employee either
                orally or in writing.                         EMPLOYEE
                                                              MOTIVATION
             SUMMARY                                          SEE Motivation
             If a company is to have a successful employee disciplinary
             procedure, both the organization and the manager have
             important roles to play. In practice, companies assume the
             responsibility of establishing rules, communicating them
             to employees, and developing a penalty system for enforc-  ENTREPRENEURSHIP
             ing them. The manager’s role in the disciplinary procedure  A subject taught in many high schools and colleges, entre-
             is distinct from that of the organization, yet the two over-  preneurship is actually defined as “the state of being an
             lap and support each other. Managers are responsible for  entrepreneur.” An entrepreneur is an individual who
             implementing the organization’s discipline procedure.  owns, organizes, and manages a business and, in so doing,
             This requires them to do several things: They must com-  assumes the risk of either making a profit or losing the
                                                              investment. According to the Small Business Administra-
             pare their organization’s rules with employee behavior to
                                                              tion (1999), the total number of businesses in the United
             determine whether a rule has been broken; they must
             determine whether they have sufficient proof that the  States in 1995 was somewhere between 16 million and 24
                                                              million, of which approximately 15,000 were large. In
             employee did indeed break the rule; they must decide
                                                              1997, there were an estimated 8.5 million businesses
             what corrective action should be taken and then take it;
                                                              owned by women.
             and they must document whatever action is taken. To the
             extent that all managers perform these steps effectively,  For any business to be successful, an adequate level of
                                                              funding must be furnished. The amount needed varies
             the disciplinary procedure will be effective and there is a
                                                              according to the scope and nature of the business.
             very good chance that employee behavior on the job can
             be significantly improved.                       Another key factor in the success of an entrepreneurial
                                                              organization is planning, including planning for the mar-
             SEE ALSO Motivation                              keting, management, and financial aspects of the business.

             248                                 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BUSINESS AND FINANCE, SECOND EDITION
   266   267   268   269   270   271   272   273   274   275   276