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Statements on Management Accounting
ment Accounting,” to restructuring the finance function. 4G “Accounting for Indirect Production Costs”
A review of titles of the statements reveals the range. Note (1987)
that statements numbered 1A through 2A deal with fun-
4H “Uses of the Cost of Capital” (1988)
damental aspects of the field of management accounting
4I “Cost Management for Freight Transportation”
that guide the IMA. There are many that provide guid-
(1989)
ance for handling typical responsibilities of staff under the
direction of the controller. A number of statements deal 4J “Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment”
with emerging innovations such as benchmarking, activ- (1989)
ity-based costing, performance indicators, value-chain
4K “Cost Management for Warehousing” (1989)
analysis, electronic commerce, and lean production. There
4L “Control of Property, Plant, and Equipment”
are no statements related to the third category, Concepts.
(1990)
Since the IMA has not yet developed a conceptual frame-
work for management accounting, this lack of statements 4M “Understanding Financial Instruments” (1990)
related to the term concepts is not surprising.
4N “Management of Working Capital: Cash
The following list comprises all SMAs issued to date. Resources” (1990)
Statements are revised from time to time. Furthermore,
4-O “The Accounting Classification of Real Estate
changes in business management and developments in
Occupancy Costs” (1991)
technology affect management accounting in such ways
that new statements are required to ensure sufficient guid- 4P “Cost Management for Logistics” (1992)
ance for practitioners. Many of these statements can be 4Q “Use and Control of Financial Instruments by
downloaded without fee by IMA members at the IMA Multinational Companies” (1992)
Web site (http://www.imanet.org).
4R “Managing Quality Improvements” (1993)
1A “Definition of Management Accounting” 4S “Internal Accounting and Classification of Risk
(1981). First in the series, SMA 1A sets forth the Management Costs” (1993)
Framework for Management Accounting and the
4T “Implementing Activity-Based Costing” (1993)
definition of management accounting that delin-
eates the field. 4U “Developing Comprehensive Performance Indi-
cators” (1995)
1B “Objectives of Management Accounting” (1982)
4V “Effective Benchmarking” (1995)
1C “Standards of Ethical Conduct for Practitioners
of Management Accounting and Financial Man- 4W “Implementing Corporate Environmental
agement” (1997). (Originally issued in 1983; Strategies” (1995)
revised in 1997, but number of original 4X “Value Chain Analysis for Assessing Competitive
retained.) Advantage” (1996)
1D “The Common Body of Knowledge of Manage- 4Y “Measuring the Cost of Capacity” (1996)
ment Accountants” (1986)
4Z “Tools and Techniques of Environmental
1E “Education for Careers in Management Accounting for Business Decisions” (1996)
Accounting” (1987)
4AA “Measuring and Managing Shareholder Value
2A “Management Accounting Glossary” (1990) Creation” (1997)
4A “Cost of Capital” (1984) 4BB “The Accounting Classification of Workpoint
4B “Allocation of Service and Administrative Costs” Costs” (1997)
(1985) 4CC “Implementing Activity-Based Management:
4C “Definition and Measurement of Direct Labor Avoiding the Pitfalls” (1998)
Cost” (1985) 4DD “Tools and Techniques for Implementing Inte-
4D “Measuring Entity Performance” (1986) grated Performance Management Systems”
(1998)
4E “Definition and Measurement of Direct Material
Cost” (1986) 4EE “Tools and Techniques for Implementing
4F “Allocation of Information Systems Costs” ABC/ABM” (1998)
(1986) 4FF “Implementing Target Costing” (1999)
698 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BUSINESS AND FINANCE, SECOND EDITION

