Page 157 - Academic Press Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology 3rd Organic Chemistry

P1: GTY/GWT P2: GLM Final
Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN006K-933 June 29, 2001 12:14

Fuel Chemistry 267

Oxygen can also be used Oxygen can also be used Oxygen can also be used

Comments

Product gas calorific value b (Btu/scf) 302 275 405 374 298 367 300 726 130 300 140 75 125 440 826 348

Others 1.2 1.1 1.3 2.3 1.4 1.5 2.7 14.8 52.0 4.5 54.2 67.9 — 0.4 — 0.7
(dry basis) C 2 H 6 — — 0.8 0.6 — 8.3 — — — 20.9 — —

Product gas composition b CH 4 H 2 9.4 40.4 29.5 3.1 41.9 20.5 24.5 27.8 28.9 18.6 30.2 24.5 — 36.6 6.2 15.6 32.1 29.3 0.7 38.7 11.5 34.0 26.2 9.3 3.0 12.0 4.0 0.5 49.0 5.0 2.8 14.4 9.4 — 10.3 12.0 10.7 4.1 53.8 6.6 73.2 22.0 — 7.5 45.0 13.3

CO CO 2 68.5 33.4 16.7 23.8 55.8 21.5 46.6 7.4 29.0 41 19.2 9.8 24.4 60.6 17.0 1.0 3.9 33.5

Type of coal feed Noncaking Any coal Any coal Any coal Any coal Any coal Any coal in the form of coal–water slurry Any coal Any coal Any coal Any coal Any coal Any coal Low rank Any coal Any coal

Gasification medium O 2 + steam O 2 + steam O 2 + steam O 2 + steam O 2 + steam 2 + steam Steam, and air as heat source Air + steam Air + steam Air + steam Air + steam Air + steam O 2 + steam

Processes O 2 Air H 2

Gasification Pressure (Psia) 400 15 1000 1000 20 600 75 15 15 20 350 20 150 >1000 1200

Some Temperature ( ◦ C) 980 815 980 980 1510 1480 980 980 980 1930 1040 1930 815 815 930

of
Summary Commercially available processes. b Composition varies with coal used.

V Process Hygas steam–oxygen Koppers–Totzek a Westinghouse engineering acceptor
TABLE Lurgi a Winkler a Synthane Texaco Cogas Producer Water gas U-gas Combustion CO 2 Hydrane Kellog salt a