Page 76 - Academic Press Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology 3rd BioChemistry

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Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN008C-380 June 29, 2001 16:42

Lipoprotein/Cholesterol

Metabolism

Alan D. Attie
University of Wisconsin

I. Lipid Absorption X. Other Lipoprotein Receptors
II. Plasma Lipoprotein Structure XI. HDL and “Reverse Cholesterol Transport”
III. Chylomicron Metabolism XII. Tangier Disease and Familial
IV. VLDL Metabolism (Endogenous Triglyceride Hypoalphalipoproteinemia
Metabolism) XIII. Lp(a) and apo(a)
V. IDL and LDL Metabolism XIV. CommonIsoforms of Apolipoprote in E(apoE)
VI. Apolipoproteins Mediate Lipoprotein XV. Apo-E and Alzheimer’s Disease
Metabolism XVI. Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia
VII. The LDL Receptor and Hypertriglyceridemia
VIII. Familial Hypercholesterolemia XVII. Treatment of Lipoprotein Disorders
IX. How Do Sterols Regulate Gene Expression? XVIII. Final Perspective

GLOSSARY form of apo-B100 and does not bind to the LDL
receptor.
ABCA1 A membrane lipid transport protein involved in Apo-E An apolipoprotein principally associated with
cholesterol and/or phospholipid efflux from cells. Its VLDL and chylomicrons; responsible for the receptor-
action is necessary for the extracellular assembly of mediated clearance of IDL and chylomicron remnants.
lipoprotein particles. It is a ligand for most members of the LDL receptor
Apo-A1 An apolipoprotein principally associated superfamily. The apo-E4 isoform is associated with in-
with HDL, an activator of lecithin choles- creased risk of Azheimer’s disease.
terol:acyltransferase. It interacts with cells to mediate Apolipoproteins The protein components of plasma
delivery of cholesterol ester from HDL particles. lipoproteins.
Apo-B100 An apolipoprotein associated with VLDL and Bile acids Detergent-like molecules formed from choles-
LDL particles, synthesized in the liver; it is a ligand for terol. They are secreted by the liver and, together with-
the LDL receptor. cholesterol and phospholipids, form bile. Bile forms
Apo-B48 An apolipoprotein associated with chylomi- micelles which emulsify lipids in the intestinal lumen
crons, synthesized in the intestine; it is a truncated aiding in their absorption.

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