Page 93 - Academic Press Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology 3rd BioChemistry
P. 93
P1: GNH Final Pages
Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN008C-380 June 29, 2001 16:42
660 Lipoprotein/Cholesterol Metabolism
primary hypoalphalipoproteinemia. The treatment op- BIBLIOGRAPHY
tions for these individuals are limited. Thus, the next fron-
tier in drug development is to develop treatments for low
Ballantyne, C. M., Grundy, S. M., Oberman, A., Kreisberg, R. A., Havel,
HDL or ones that enhance the catabolism of cholesterol. R. J., Frost, P. H., and Haffner, S. M. (2000). “Hyperlipidemia: Diag-
The discovery of lipid transport proteins such as ABCA1 nostic and therapeutic perspectives,” J Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85,
provides potential new targets for drug development. 2089–2112.
Bors, P., Zelcer, N., and van Helvoort, A. (2000). “ABC transporters in
lipid transport,” Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1486, 128–144.
XVIII. FINAL PERSPECTIVE Brown, M. S., and Goldstein, J. L. (1986). “A receptor-mediated pathway
for cholesterol homeostasis,” Science 232, 34–47.
Brown, M. S., and Goldstein, J. L. (1999). “A proteolytic pathway that
Cholesterol has played a distinguished role in the history
controls the cholesterol content of membranes, cells, and blood,” Proc.
of chemistry, medicine, physiology, and pathology. But, Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 11041–11048.
unlike any other biomolecule, cholesterol has also taken Davis, R. A. (1999). “Cell and molecular biology of the assembly and
center stage as a cultural entity. In most nations, regardless secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins by the liver,”
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1440, 1–31.
of scientific training, people think about cholesterol when
Ginsberg, H. N. (2000). “Insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease,”
they shop for food, plan their diets, and make lifestyle J. Clin. Invest. 106, 453–458.
choices. There is a large food supplement industry that Krieger, M. (1999). “Charting the fate of the ‘good cholesterol’: Identi-
promotes products based on claims to lower cholesterol. fication and characterization of the high-density lipoprotein receptor
One positive outcome of the cultural presence of choles- SR-BI,” Annu. Rev. Biochem. 68, 523–558.
Mahley, R. W., and Huang, Y. (1999). “Apolipoprotein E: From
terol has been a high level of public education in the area
atherosclerosis to Alzheimer’s disease and beyond,” Curr. Opin. Lipi-
of lipid metabolism—millions of people know the differ- dol. 10, 207–217.
ence between LDL and HDL. This level of public sophis- Rothblat, G. H., de la Llera-Moya, M., Atger, V., Kellner-Weibel, G.,
tication in details of biochemistry is unprecedented and Williams, D. L., and Phillips, M. C. (1999). “Cell cholesterol ef-
demonstrates that scientific literacy in other fields is also flux: Integration of old and new observations provides new insights,”
possible and achievable. During the past 30 years, people J. Lipid Res. 40, 781–796.
Russell, D. W. (1999). “Nuclear orphan receptors control cholesterol
in many Western nations have adopted healthier diets and
catabolism,” Cell 97, 539–542.
lifestyles, leading to a dramatic drop in the rate of coronary Tall, A. R., Jiang, X.- C., Luo, Y., and Silver, D. (1999). “George Ly-
heart disease. man Duff memorial lecture: Lipid transfer proteins, HDL metabo-
lism, and atherogenesis,” Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 20, 1185–
1188.
SEE ALSO THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES Terpstra, V., van Amersfoort, E. S., van Velzen, A. G., Kuiper, J., and van
Berkel, T. J. (2000). “Hepatic and extrahepatic scavenger receptors:
Function in relation to disease,” Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 20,
BIOENERGETICS • ENZYME MECHANISMS • GENE EX-
1860–1872.
PRESSION,REGULATION OF • ION TRANSPORT ACROSS Willnow, T. E., Nykjaer, A., and Herz, J. (1999). “Lipoprotein receptors:
BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES • PROTEIN SYNTHESIS New roles for ancient proteins,” Nat. Cell Biol. 1, E157–E162.