Page 221 - Academic Press Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology 3rd InOrganic Chemistry

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Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN009F-398 July 6, 2001 20:34

30 Main Group Elements

E. Uses Brown, H. C. (1972). “Boranes in Organic Chemistry,” Cornell Univer-
sity, Press, Ithaca, NY.
Tellurium has no major uses; however, a small amount is Cowley, A. H. (1984). “Stable compounds with double bonding between
used in alloys and steel production. Selenium has several the heavier main-group elements,” Acc. Chem. Res. 17, 386.
important commercial uses, the most important of which Curl, R. F., and Smalley, R. E. (1988). “Probing C 60 ,” Science 242, 1017.
is xerography, a process that takes advantage of the pho- Dagani, R. (1988). “Ceramic composites emerging as advanced struc-
tural materials,” Chem Eng. News Feb. 1, 7.
toconductor properties of gray selenium. Selenium is also
Diederich, F., Rubin, Y., Knobler, C. B., Whetten, R. L., Shriver, K. E.,
usedtocolorglass.SeO 2 andcertainorganoseleniumcom- Houk, K. N., and Li, Y. (1989). “All-carbon molecules: Evidence for
pounds are gaining favor as versatile reagents in special- the generation of cyclo[18] carbon from a stable organic precursor,”
ized organic syntheses, but these applications are minor Science 245, 566.
and will not greatly increase the demand for selenium. Escendie, J., Courte, C., Stage, J., Andrianarison, M., and Andrinizake,
J. D. (1985). “2,2,-Dimesityl-1-(2,4,6-tri-tert-butyl phenyl) germa-
Despite the fact that selenium and its compounds are
phosphene: The first stable compound with a germanium–phosphorus
poisonous, trace amounts of selenium are required by most double bond,” Am. Chem. Soc. 107, 3378.
higher animals. Health food stores promote selenium as Greenwood, N. N., and Earnshaw, A. (1984). “Chemistry of the Ele-
the wonder mineral of the decade. It is allegedly effective ments,” Pergamon, Oxford.
in reducing the risk of cancer, alleviating problems asso- Grimes, R. N. (1970). “Carboranes,” Academic Press, New York.
Haggin, J. (1990). “Zeolite catalyst breaks down nitric oxide,” Chem.
ciated with high blood pressure, preventing cataracts, and
Eng. News Jan. 15, 38.
reducing the pain of arthritis. If the faddists are correct, Klein, C., and Hurlbut, C. S., Jr. (1985). “Manual of Mineralogy,” Wiley,
selenium is even valuable in slowing the aging process New York.
and protecting against infertility. Liotta, D. (1984). “New organoselenium methodology,” Acc. Chem. Res.
17, 28.
Muetterties, E. L. (ed.) (1975). “Boron Hydride Chemistry,” Academic
Press, New York.
SEE ALSO THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES
O’Sullivan, D. A. (1985). “European concern about acid rain is growing,”
Chem. Eng. News Jan. 28, 12.
ALUMINUM • BORON HYDRIDES • HALOGEN CHEMISTRY Rai, S. B., and Rai, D. K. (1984). “Electronic spectra of diatomic oxides
• METAL HYDRIDES • PERIODIC TABLE • SILICON,HY- of 5A elements,” Chem. Rev. 84, 73–78.
Reich, P. B., and Amundson, R. G. (1985). “Ambient levels of ozone
DROGENATED AMORPHOUS • TIN AND TIN ALLOYS
reduce net photosynthesis in tree and crop species,” Science 230,
566.
Rubin, Y., and Diederich, F. (1989). “Precursors to the cyclo[19] carbons:
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[4n + 2]- and [4n] annuleness with unusual stabilities,” J. Am. Chem.
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Abelson, P. H. (1985). “Air pollution and acid rain,” Science 230, 617. Sanders, H. J. (1984). “Hightech ceramics,” Chem. Eng. News July 9,
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