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Session 5 — Operators 71

String Operators

There is a single string operator, the concatenation operator represented by the symbol &.
Concatenation means simply putting two strings together. Here’s an example:

Dim s1 As String, s2 As String, s3 As String
s1 = “Micro”
s2 = “soft”
s3 = s1 & s2
The first string, s1, contains the text “Micro,” and the second string, s2, contains the
text “soft.” When you concatenate, or combine, them, the result is that s3 contains
“Microsoft.”
Sometimes the + symbol is used for concatenation. This is a holdover from
earlier versions of VBA and should not be used in your programs. It works
Never fine, but it is better to use the & symbol to make your code as clear as
possible.
Even though it has only one string operator, VBA has extremely powerful text-handling
capabilities.
VBA’s text-handling capabilities are covered in Session 10.

Cross-Ref

Logical Operators
Logical operators work with logical (True/False) values. With one exception, these operators
combine two logical values into a single True/False value. You see examples of this on a reg-
ular basis in daily life. For example, suppose you are shopping for a TV set and have the fol-
lowing criteria:
At least 36-inch screen
Stereo sound
Costs less than $500
Your decision whether to buy a particular model could be phrased logically as follows:

Buy TV = (36” screen?) and (stereo sound?) and (less than $500?)
Here, you are using the And operator to say, in essence, that you will buy the TV if and
only if all the conditions are True.
VBA has six logical operators, as summarized in Table 5-1.