Page 487 - Forensic Structural Engineering Handbook

13.32 MATERIAL-SPECIFIC FORENSIC ANALYSES

FIGURE 13.30 Corner flashing.

FIGURE 13.31 Flashing should extend beyond wall face.

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Grimm provides advice on flashing materials and their limitations, including corrosion
protection, recommended construction details, guide specifications, and a flashing bibliog-
14
raphy with 59 citations. Grimm provides a review of the literature on water permeance of
masonry walls with more than 60 references and a bibliography of 233 entries under nine
keywords.
Use of single-wythe concrete block masonry exterior walls in structures that cannot tol-
erate moisture permeance has been promoted and has become increasingly common since
the late 1990s. Such single-wythe construction is not forgiving of any mistakes in detailing
or construction, and typically relies on sealants to prevent water permeation.

Durability. Grimm 15 provides a review of the literature on weathering of masonry.
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Maurenbrecher and Grimm have written on corrosion of metal connectors in masonry.
Stains. At least 100 types of stains occur on masonry. They may be removed by more
than 150 cleaning agents. The problem is to match the most effective agent with a given