Page 510 - Forensic Structural Engineering Handbook

CHAPTER 14

TIMBER STRUCTURES

Craig R. Owen, P.E., S.E.*

CHARACTERISTICS AND ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF TIMBER 14.2
Characteristics 14.2
Organic Material with Moisture Content 14.2
Three Distinct Grain Orientations 14.3
Establishing Design Values 14.4
Variability 14.5
Properties Verified by Testing 14.5
Bending 14.7
Tension Parallel to Grain 14.7
Compression Parallel to Grain (Short Compression) 14.7
Buckling (Long Compression) 14.8
Compression Perpendicular to Grain 14.8
Shear 14.8
Tension Perpendicular to Grain 14.9
Connector Stiffness Compatibility 14.10
Adjustment Factors Applicability 14.12
Load Duration Factor C D 14.12
TYPES AND CAUSES OF NONPERFORMANCE AND FAILURE 14.15
Wind Load 14.16
Seismic Load 14.16
Deterioration 14.17
Decay, Insects, and Marine Borers 14.17
Chemical Deterioration 14.17
Heat 14.17
Common Timber Construction and Analysis Problems 14.18
Lateral Buckling 14.18
Notching or Tapering Tension Face 14.18
Cantilever Beam Systems 14.18
Accumulation of Fiber Damage 14.19
Fracture 14.23
Impact 14.23
Eccentricity 14.24
State-of-the-Art Design Changes 14.25
Compatibility of Analysis and Structural Performance 14.25
Structural Evaluation of In Situ Timber Structures 14.25
Full-Structure In Situ Load Testing 14.26

*The author gratefully acknowledges the significant contributions of late Donald W. Neal, P.E., S.E., who
authored this chapter in the first edition of the book.

14.1