Page 244 - T. Anderson-Fracture Mechanics - Fundamentals and Applns.-CRC (2005)

1656_C005.fm Page 224 Monday, May 23, 2005 5:47 PM

224 Fracture Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications

FIGURE 5.5 Void nucleation, growth, and coalescence in ductile metals: (a) inclusions in a ductile matrix,
(b) void nucleation, (c) void growth, (d) strain localization between voids, (e) necking between voids, and (f)
void coalescence and fracture.

Rice and Tracey considered a single void in an infinite solid, as illustrated in Figure 5.10. The
˙ ε
˙ ε
void is subject to remote normal stresses σ , σ , σ , and remote normal strain rates , ˙ ε 2 , . The
3
2
1
1
3
initial void is assumed to be spherical, but it becomes ellipsoidal as it deforms. Rice and Tracey
analyzed both rigid plastic material behavior and linear strain hardening. They showed that the rate