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152 From smart grid to internet of energy

TABLE 4.8 Some characteristics of the IEEE 1901.2 standard

Frequency ARIB (from 155 to 403 kHz)
bands
CENELEC A (from 35 to 91 kHz)
CENELEC B (from 98 to 122 kHz)
FCC (from 10 to 487.5 kHz)
FCC above CENELEC (from 155 to 488 kHz)
Mapping DBPSK, DQPSK, or D8PSK mapping scheme based OFDM (BPSK,
scheme QPSK, 8-PSK or 16-QAM may be optionally utilized)
Data rate Maximum 300 Kbps
Data link layer IEEE 802.15.4 based MAC sublayer and IETF RFC 4944 based
adaptation sublayer
Channel CSMA/CA with a random back-off time
access
Convergence IPv6 6LoWPAN
layer
Security AES-128 key in CCM encryption mode

Since the IEEE 1901.2 PLC standard was developed based on the G3-PLC
standard, there exist many similarities among these standards. Nonetheless, the
main difference between IEEE 1901.2 and G3-PLC is shown in MAC technol-
ogy where the MAC technology of IEEE 2901.2 supports both route-over and
mesh-under routing methods, and it can support more IPv6 functionalities. Main
features of the IEEE 1901.2 standard are listed in Table 4.8.
The reference model of this standard contains data and management planes
where data plane is composed of PHY and DLL layers that contains only the
MAC sublayer. The management transactions are maintained by MAC sublayer
management entity (MLME) and PHY layer management entity (PLME) in the
standard.

4.4.4.1 PHY layer
The PHY layer of the standard is composed of OFDM containing channel-
coding methods. According to the employed frequencies, minimum sampling
frequency is f S ¼ 1.2 MHz while maximum number of carriers is N carrier ¼ 128.
In addition, maximum PHY data rate of IEEE P1901.2 standard reaches up to
500 kbps. Since the PHY layer signal processing is very similar with ITU-
T G.9903 (G3-PLC), only differences will be introduced as follows [30, 61].
l The frame control header (FCH) bits are mapped through BPSK for
all bands.