Page 383 - From Smart Grid to Internet of Energy

Roadmap from smart grid to internet of energy concept Chapter 9 347

One of the critical challenges is the reliability issue, which is correlated with
physical architecture of network and transmission techniques. The carrier of
transmission method is realized by energy transmission network. In addition,
important components of EI system such as energy routers, energy resources
and control systems need to operate in cooperation to enhance reliability of
the systems. Several recent challenges of EI concept have emerged depending
on the developments of utilization communication technologies in power sys-
tems and security concerns. Security threats of EI systems can be classified into
two categories as natural threats and artificial (man-made) threats. When the
threats are considered for information systems of EI concept, the system should
be taking measures for preventing malicious attacks, improving security for
information transmission and privacy protection. When the issues are consid-
ered in terms of energy, the system should be taking measures for ensuring sta-
bility of energy transmission network and robustness of energy sources. It is
also important to note that interference problems of communication and energy
transfer systems should be taken into account.
TheEIvisionthataimstointegrateenergy,informationandnetworksystemsis
introduced as an innovative power grid. One of the most important components of
EI systems is communication technologies that are very crucial systems to accom-
plishenergymanagementprocessesbetweencomponentsofEIsystemefficiently.
This chapter presents a general outlook for EI systems. Firstly, we introduce moti-
vationsofEIvisionandexplainsuperioritiesofthesesystemscomparingwithSGs.
Then,technicalbackgroundandcommunicationsystemrequirementsofthesesys-
tems are analyzed. In addition, EI architecture is explained in three subcategories
as energy routers, information sensing and processing and network topologies
where it is clearly seen that energy routers are most important component of EI
systems.Furthermore,different fromthe conventionalandSGsystems,the energy
routers have very critical tasks in the EI systems such as controlling both of energy
and information exchanges between all entire components and networks and
achieving harmony between energy supplies and demands.

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