Page 13 - Fundamentals of Air Pollution

xii Contents

19 Transport and Dispersion of Air Pollutants
I. Wind Velocity 291
II. Turbulence 293
III. Estimating Concentrations from Point Sources 296
IV. Dispersion Instrumentation 306
V. Atmospheric Tracers 312
VI. Concentration Variation with Averaging Time 315
References 317
Suggested Reading 318
Questions 318

20 Air Pollution Modeling and Prediction
I. Plume Rise 321
II. Modeling Techniques 324
III. Modeling Nonreactive Pollutants 327
IV. Modeling Pollutant Transformations 330
V. Model Performance, Accuracy, and Utilization 332
References 340
Suggested Reading 343
Questions 343
21 Air Pollution Climatology

I. Sources of Data 345
II. Representativeness 349
III. Frequency of Atmospheric Stagnations 352
IV. Ventilation Climatology 354
V. Wind and Pollution Roses 357
References 362
Suggested Reading 362
Questions 362

Part V

The Regulatory Control of Air Pollution

22 Air Quality Criteria and Standards
I. Air Quality Criteria 367
II. Conversion of Effects Data and Criteria to Standards 368
III. Conversion of Physical Data and Criteria to Standards 373
IV. Conversion of Biological Data and Criteria to Standards 376
V. Air Quality Standards 377
Suggested Reading 381
Questions 381