Page 139 - Fundamentals of Air Pollution

Questions 109

3. International Symposium on Fluorides, "Fluorides: Effects on Vegetation, Animals and
Humans." Paragon Press, Salt Lake City, UT, 1983.
4. Code of Federal Regulations, Protection of Environment Title 40, Subchapter I, Parts
240-272. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1992.
5. Lee, D. H. K. (ed.), "Handbook of Physiology," Vol. 9, "Reactions to Environmental
Agents." American Physiological Society, Bethesda, MD, 1977.
6. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Air Quality Criteria for Lead," EPA 600/8-83-
018F. Research Triangle Park, NC, June 1986.
7. National Research Council, "Carbon Monoxide." National Academy of Sciences. Washing-
ton, DC, 1977.
8. American Lung Association, "Health Effects of Air Pollution," New York, 1978.
9. Task Group on Lung Dynamics, Health Phys. 12, 173 (1966).
10. Shy, C, Am. J. Epidemiol. 110, 661-671 (1979).
11. National Research Council, "Odors from Stationary and Mobile Sources." National Acad-
emy of Sciences, Washington, DC, 1979.

SUGGESTED READING

Nagy, G. Z., The odor impact model. /. Air Waste Manage. Assoc, 42, 1567 (1992).
National Research Council, "Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants: advances
and opportunities," National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1991.
Tomatis, L. (ed.), "Air Pollution and Human Cancer." Springer-Verlag, New York, 1990.

QUESTIONS

1. By extrapolating from Fig. 2-4, what will be the concentration of CO 2 in the year 2050?
How does this compare with the concentration in 1980?
2. What factors influence the accumulation of a chemical in the human body?
3. Explain why the inhalation route for lead is considered an important hazard when it
accounts for only about 20% of the potential allowable body burden.
4. (a) Explain how CO interacts with the circulatory system, (b) Why are individuals with
heart disease at greater risk when exposed to elevated CO levels?
5. Describe normal lung function.
6. How is particle deposition and removal from the lung influenced by the size of the particles?
7. How do exposure time and type of population influence the air quality standards established
for the community and the workplace?
8. Compare the strengths and weaknesses of health effects information obtained from epide-
miological, clinical, and toxicological studies.