Page 212 - Fundamentals of Physical Volcanology

9780632054435_4_012.qxd 12/10/2007 12:33PM Page 189

VOLCANOES AND CLIMATE 189

Marti, J. & Ernst, G.G.J. (Eds) (2005) Volcanoes and Sigurdsson, H. (1990) Assessment of the atmospheric
the Environment. Cambridge University Press, impact of volcanic eruptions. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec.
Cambridge. Pap. 247, 99–110.
McCormick, M.P., Thomason, L.W. & Trepte, C.R.
(1995) Atmospheric effects of the Mt Pinatubo
eruption. Nature 373, 399–404.
12.8 Questions to think about
Rampino, M.R. & Self, S. (2000) Volcanism and biotic
extinctions. In Encyclopedia of Volcanoes (Ed.
1 Which type of rhyolitic eruption, one that pro-
H. Sigurdsson), pp. 1083–91. Academic Press, San
duces a high eruption cloud or one that produces
Diego, CA.
a pyroclastic density current, is more likely to
Rampino, M.R., Self, S. & Stothers, R.B. (1988) Volcanic
winters. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 16, 73–99. affect the climate?
Robock, A. (2000) Volcanic eruptions and climate. 2 What are the main ways in which volcanoes
Rev. Geophys. 38, 191–219. can influence the properties of the upper
Self, S., Rampino, M.R. & Barbera, J.J. (1981) The possible atmosphere?
effects of large 19th and 20th century volcanic erup- 3 Why do we now think that flood-basalt eruptions
tions on zonal and hemispheric surface tempera- may be more important than rhyolitic Plinian
tures. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 11, 41–60. eruptions in influencing climate?