Page 799 - Fundamentals of Water Treatment Unit Processes : Physical, Chemical, and Biological

754 Fundamentals of Water Treatment Unit Processes: Physical, Chemical, and Biological

S 1 pf X Z Eckenfelder, W. W., W. Wesley Eckenfelder (Waste Water Extraor-
¼ exp ^m F (23:A:26) dinaire)—The Life of a Pioneer, Author House, Bloomington,
S o K m þ S d r Y HLR
IN, 2009.

1 pf X Z Eckenfelder, W. W. Jr., Ford, D. L., and Englande, A. J. Jr., Indus-
S ¼ S o exp ^m F (23:A:27) trial Water Quality, 4th edn., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2009.
K m þ S d r Y HLR
Fair, G. M. and Geyer, J. C., Water Supply and Waste-Water Dis-
posal, John Wiley, New York, 1954.
By assuming K m [S] and letting, Ghosh, S. and Pohland, F. G., Kinetics of substrate assimilation
and product formation in anaerobic digestion, Journal of

Water Pollution Control Federation, 46(4):748–759, April
1 pf X
k ¼ ^m F (23:A:28) 1974.
K m þ S d r Y Goodwin, B. L. and Englande, A. J. Jr., A unified model of the
activated sludge process, Journal of the Water Pollution Con-
Then, Equation 23.A.27 is trol Federation, 46(2):312–332, 1974.
Grady, C. P. L. Jr., Daigger, G. T., and Lim, H. C., Biological

Z Wastewater Treatment, Theory and Applications, 2nd edn.,
S ¼ S o exp k (23:A:29) Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1999.
HLR
Gram, A. L., III, Reaction kinetics of aerobic biological processes,
Report No. 2, I.E.R. Series 90, Sanitary Engineering Research
Equation 23.A.29 was given by Eckenfelder (1961, p. 224)
Laboratory, Department of Engineering, University of Califor-
and has been used most widely in practice. As seen, the nia, Berkeley, CA, May 15, 1956.
coefficient, k, must be calibrated. This can be done by Henze, M., Grady, C. P. Jr., Gujer, W., Marais, G. V. R., and Matsuo,
‘‘curve fitting’’ the model to trickling filter in operation. The T., A general model for single-sludge wastewater treatment
k value obtained may be incorporated in the model for a new systems, Water Research, 21(5):505–515, May 1987.
design at another site, assuming the wastewaters are similar. A Lawrence, A. W. and P. L. McCarty, Kinetics of methane fermenta-
reason for disaggregating k, as in Equation 23.A.27 is to better tion in anaerobic treatment, Journal of Water Pollution Con-
trol Federation, 41(2-Part 2):R1–R17, February 1969.
evaluate the role of operative variables and to utilize know-
Lawrence, A. W. and McCarty, P. L., A unified basis for biological
ledge about their variation. For example, if the media density treatment design and operation, Journal of the Sanitary
varies from one location to another or if one wishes to exam- Engineering Division, American Society of Chemical
ine the effect of a variable by a spreadsheet model, the effects Engineers, 96:757, 1970.
may be discernible. McCarty, P. L., Anaerobic waste treatment fundamentals, Part one—
Chemistry and microbiology, Public Works, 95:107–112,
September 1964a.
GLOSSARY McCarty, P. L., Anaerobic waste treatment fundamentals, Part two—
Environmental requirements and control, Public Works,
Glossary is in Chapter 22.
95:123–128, September 1964b.
McCarty, P. L., Anaerobic waste treatment fundamentals, Part
REFERENCES three—Toxic materials and their control, Public Works,
95:91–94, November 1964c.
Agardy, F. J., Cole, R. D., and Pearson, E. A., Kinetic and activity McCarty, P. L., Anaerobic waste treatment fundamentals, Part
parameters of anaerobic fermentation systems, Sanitary Engin- four—Process design, Public Works, 95:95–99, September
eering Research Laboratory Report 63-2, University of 1964d.
California, Berkeley, CA, 1963. McCarty, P. L., Sludge concentration – Needs, accomplishments,
Andrews, J. F., Cole, R. D., and Pearson, E. A., Kinetics and charac- and future goals, Journal of Water Pollution Control Feder-
teristics of multistage methane fermentations, Sanitary Engineer- ation, 38(4):493–507, April 1966.
ing Research Laboratory, Report No, 64-11, December 1, 1964. McKinney, R. E., Microbiology for Sanitary Engineers, McGraw-
Ardern, E. and Lockett, W. T., Experiments on the oxidation of Hill, New York, 1962.
sludge without the aid of filters, Journal of the Chemical and McKinney, R. E., Mathematics of complete mixing activated sludge
Industrial Societies, XXXII(10):523–539, 1914, London. (ASCE Paper 3516), Transactions of ASCE, 128(Part III):
Characklis, W. G. and Marshall, K. C. (Eds.), Biofilms, John Wiley 497–534, 1963; Also discussions by Washington, Hetting,
& Sons, New York, 1990. ISBN 0-471-82663-4. and Sathyanarayana.
Eckenfelder, W. W. Jr., Activated Sludge, in Eckenfelder, W. W. Jr. Meroney, R. N., CFD simulation of mechanical draft tube mixing in
and T. P. Quirk, (Eds.), Advances in Sewage Treatment anaerobic digester tanks, Water Research, 43(4):1040–1050,
Design, Proceedings of a Symposium at Manhattan College, March 2009.
Sanitary Engineering Division, Metropolitan Section, ASCE, Metcalf, L. and Eddy, H. P., Sewerage and Sewage Disposal,
Reston, VA, May 15, 1961. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1930.
Eckenfelder, W. W. Jr. and O’Connor, D. J., Biological Waste Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., Wastewater Engineering—Collection, Treat-
Treatment, Pergamon Press (Macmillan), New York, 1961. ment, Disposal, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1972.
Eckenfelder, W. W. Jr., Activated sludge treatment of industrial Monod, J., The growth of bacterial cultures, Annual Review of
wastewaters, Kappe Lecture, Colorado State University, Microbiology, Volume 3, Annual Reviews, Inc., Palo Alto,
American Academy of Environmental Engineers, handout, CA, 1949.
not-published (82 pages), Fort Collins, CO, October 27, Orhon, D. and Artan, N., Modeling of Activated Sludge Systems,
2000. Technomic Publishing Co., Lancaster, PA, 1994.