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conversion, thermal oxidation, permeation, and condensation are included in the chapters
                   devoted to these general subjects.
                    No attempt has been made to define the ownership or patent status of the processes
                   described. Many of the basic patents on well-known processes have expired; however,
                   patented improvements may be critical to commercial application. In fact, a number of
                   important proprietary systems are based primarily on the incorporation of  special additives
                   or flow system modifications into previously existing processes.
                    Technical data are normally presented in the units of the original publication. practically,
                   this means that most U.S. data on commercial operations are given in English units, while
                   foreign and U.S.  scientific data are presented in metric or, occasionally, SI units. To aid in
                   the conversion between systems, a table of units and conversion factors is included as
                   an appendix.
                    The assistance of many individuals who contributed material and suggested improvements
                   is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks ace also due to the companies and organizations who
                   graciously provided data and gave permission for reproducing charts and figures. The num-
                   ber of such organizations is too large to permit individual recognition in this preface; howev-
                   er, they are generally identified in the text as the sources of  specific data. We particularly
                   acknowledge with appreciation the generous support of the Fluor Daniel Corporation in the
                   preparation of this edition, and to the following Fluor Daniel personnel: Joseph Saliga, for
                   providing much of the new data in Chapters 7 and 10 on Sq and NO,  removal processes;
                   Michael Patter, for input on sulfur umversion processes; Paul Buclcingham, for work on the
                   physical solvent chapter; and David Weirenga, for assistance with the chapter on permeation
                   processes. Other significant contributors  to this fifth edition are Ronald Schendel, consultant,
                   who provided data for Chapters 8 and 15 on sulfur conversion technology and permeation
                   processes; John McCullough, Proton Technology, who supplied information for the discus-
                   sion of amine plant corrosion in Chapter 3; Robert Bucklin, consultant, who provided
                   detailed information on sulfur scavenging processes for Chapter 16; and Dr.  Carl Vancini,
                   who drafted the review of the Streeford process for Chapter 9. Finally, we wish to express
                   gratitude to our families: Evelyn, Jeffrey, and Martin Kohl; and Theresa and Michael Nielsen
                   for their support and patience during the preparation of this book
                                                                           Arthur L. Kohl
                                                                        Richard B. Nielsen
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