Page 7 - Geochemistry of Oil Field Waters

VIII CONTENTS

ATOMIC ABSORPTION METHODS ................ 65
Interferences ........................ 66
Burners and solvents ...................... 66
Lithium ........................... 68
Sodium .......................... 68
Potassium ......................... 70
Magnesium (1) ........................ 71
Calcium (1) .......................... 72
Magnesium (2) ........................ 74
Calcium (2) ......................... 75
Strontium ......................... 76
Barium ..........................
Manganese ......................... 77
78
Iron ........................... 79
Copper .......................... 80
Zinc ........................... 80
Lead(1) .......................... 81
Lead(2) ......................... : 82
EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY ................... 83
Barium, boron, iron, manganese, and strontium ............. 83
Beryllium ......................... 89
Aluminum ......................... 90
MASS SPECTROMETRIC METHODS FOR STABLE ISOTOPES ....... 91
Deuterium ......................... 91
Oxygen-18 ......................... 91
COLORIMETRIC METHODS .................. 92
Interferences ........................ 93
Iron ........................... 94
Copper .......................... 96
Nickel .......................... 98
Lead ........................... 99
Zinc ........................... 101
Cadmium ......................... 103
Phosphate ......................... 105
Silica ........................... 107
Nitrate nitrogen ....................... 107
Arsenic .......................... 108
Fluoride .......................... 109
Iodide .......................... 110
Selenium ......................... 111
Barium .......................... 114
GRAVIMETRIC METHODS ................... 114
Sulfate .......................... 114
Barium .......................... 115
OTHER METHODS ...................... 116
Sodium .......................... 116
Dissolved solids .......................
Spent acid ......................... 117
118
Acetic acid solutions ...................... 120
References ......................... 121

Chapter 4 . Interpretation of chemical analysis of oilfield waters ....... 125
Calculating probable compounds ................. 125