Page 257 - Geothermal Energy Systems Exploration, Development, and Utilization

References 233
The question why the waterfrac operation was successful only in one formation
is still an issue for investigation. One reason might be cooling and inelastic
shrinking of the rock. In the Detfurth formation, a much higher volume and a
higher rate was applied and hence the rock mass was much more cooled than
in the Volpriehausen. The usually assumed mechanism of shearing as reason
for self-propping is implausible in the Detfurth. The observed ballooning of the
fracture while injecting is not typical for a shear fracture.

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