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Developing the Project • 95

• What tasks are affected by other tasks and what tasks can stand alone?
• In what order will the tasks be executed?
• Are there other dependencies besides the obvious between
tasks?

We can’t stress enough that greenality must be planned into the project.
We’ve said how important it is to get the greenality in the project’s scope.
However, getting it in is only the first step. The WBS is the place to find
the green tasks a home and the proper owners. Once the WBS is defined,
while not impossible, it is more difficult to “add” task to the project with-
out impacting the overall schedule, cost, or quality of the project. Let’s
look in detail at the major planning areas and how they are affected by
planning for project greenality.

sustainaBility and the WBs
We’d like to formally introduce sustainability into the disciplined
approach of project management. As we defined in Chapter 2, sustain-
ability is not sacrificing the future for the present. It is not only that, but
in project management it is the planning for sustainability that makes our
contribution so important. Therefore, as well as thinking about the WBS
in terms of all the tasks necessary to complete the project, we need to
take our traditional thinking one step further. There is life after project
closeout, and that life makes the difference whether or not the project is
truly green or not. Without that further step, green planning of the proj-
ect could be considered greenwashing, as defined in Chapter 2. A project
manager will be able to defend a project from accusations of greenwash-
ing by virtue of a WBS with green intent threaded throughout, rather
than glued on at the end.
What does the WBS look like when sustainability is planned in? Let’s
take our simple example of baking a green cake (Figure 6.2) and make
sure that sustainability is included in the “recipe.” Reviewing the modi-
fied recipe for baking a green cake, we can see that there are sustainability
issues that should be addressed. Let’s look at the pan used to bake the
cake. When we purchased the pan, planning to bake a cake in it, what
did we consider? Did we consider whether or not we would reuse it? Did
we consider what type of materials it was made out of, so it either had a