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Understanding Green Project Fundamentals • 51

It is important, however, not to lose sight of the environmental risks
during the project phases. Full definition and the tools and techniques to
manage project environmental impacts (risks) will be provided in Section
II. It is also important to note at this stage that there is one other “phase,”
sustainability, which, though traditionally outside the PM’s thinking (see
Chapter 9), must be considered in project life cycle thinking.

Cape Wind is proposing America’s first offshore wind farm on
Horseshoe Shoal in Nantucket Sound. Miles from the nearest shore,
130 wind turbines will gracefully harness the wind to produce up to
420 megawatts of clean, renewable energy.
Save Our Sound is a nonprofit environmental organization dedi-
cated to the long-term preservation of Nantucket Sound. It was formed
in 2001 in response to Cape Wind’s proposal to build a wind farm in
the Sound.

stakeholders
When looking at a project through an environmental lens, could that
expand the list of project stakeholders? You bet. Might it change the way
you view the interests, power, and influence of the stakeholders you’ve
already identified? Yes, we think so. And could it affect the interactions
between stakeholders that you’ve identified? Absolutely! Since PMI defines
a stakeholder as anyone who is affected in any way by a project, we could
now say that “future generations” are a stakeholder to all projects. Some
may find that a bit “fluffy,” but it’s actually a good way to keep the green
aspects of your projects in focus when you identify stakeholders.

endnotes

1. Philip B. Crosby, Quality Is Free (New York: Penguin Putnam, 1980).
2. PMI proposal by Rich Maltzman and Dave Shirley, http://www.earthpm.com/
community/communitypmi-proposal.
3. A Guide to the Project Management Book of Knowledge, 4th ed. (Newtown Square, PA:
Project Management Institute, 2008).