Page 330 - Geology and Geochemistry of Oil and Gas

PERMEABILITY 291

Fig. B-3. Relative permeability curves for polar and non-polar oil. Curves P and P are for polar oil,
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whereas curves N and N are for non-polar oil (after Babalyan, 1956, p. 145).
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Fig. B-4. Relative permeabilities to oil and to water for polar oil+alkaline water (curves 1 and 1 ) and for
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polar oil+hard water (curves 2 and 2 ) (after Babalyan, 1956, p. 148).
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In waterflooding projects or in natural water-drive pools, the relative permeabil-
ities to oil and to water are of great importance. Where water and oil flow together,
the relative permeabilities are affected by many factors, which include:
(1) relative dispersion of one phase in the other,
(2) time of contact with pore walls,
(3) amount of polar substances in the oil,
(4) degree of hardness of water,