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388       Appendix A — Soldering and Safety Basics




                             Cutters and Pliers

                             A good pair of diagonal cutters (or flush-cut cutters) is essential to trimming part leads. The
                             diagonal part means the cutting edges are at an angle to the handles, enabling you to more
                             easily make a flush cut. A decent pair of diagonal cutters is about $6.
                             Needle-nose pliers are useful for placing parts, bending component leads, holding leads while
                             soldering, and basically doing all those things your fingers are too big for. They run about
                             $16 dollars for a decent pair. Figure A-4 shows both cutters and pliers. They last a long time.
                             The ones in the figure are over a decade old.

































                             FIGURE A-4: Diagonal cutters and needle-nose pliers



                             Digital Multimeter
                             A digital multimeter is a Star Trek tricorder in many ways. It can measure DC and AC volt-
                             age and current, resistance, capacitance, and frequency. It can also test diodes or transistors.
                             Figure A-5 shows a 20-year-old digital multimeter that’s still going strong. It originally was
                             several hundred dollars. You can get essentially the same accuracy today with additional func-
                             tions for about $35. Being able to verify the value of resistors and capacitors is very handy with
                             these devices, but mostly you’ll use it in continuity mode to check if two points in a circuit are
                             connected.
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