Page 66 - Handbook of Biomechatronics

CHAPTER THREE

Sensors and Transducers

Jeff Christenson
Research and Development, Motion Control, Salt Lake City, UT, United States

Contents

1 Introduction 62
2 Passive Sensors 64
2.1 Ruler 64
2.2 Protractor 65
2.3 Goniometer 65
2.4 Lever 66
2.5 Cable 66
3 Simple Sensors 67
3.1 Mechanical Button 68
3.2 Potentiometer 68
3.3 Photoresistor 69
3.4 Hall Effect Sensor 70
3.5 Strain Gauge 71
3.6 Thermistor 72
3.7 Current Sensor 72
3.8 Capacitance Sensor 74
4 Common Sensors 74
4.1 Load Cell/Force Plates 75
4.2 Pressure Sensors 76
4.3 Accelerometer 76
4.4 Inclinometer 77
4.5 Gyroscope 77
4.6 Encoder 78
5 Biological Sensors 78
5.1 Neuromuscular Anatomy 79
5.2 Surface Electromyographic Sensors 80
5.3 Intramuscular EMG 83
5.4 Nerve Cuff 84
5.5 Brain Array 85
6 Other Biological Signal Transducers 86
6.1 Electroencephalography 86
6.2 Electrocardiogram 87
6.3 O 2 Light Sensors 88
6.4 Oxygen Consumption Sensor 88

Handbook of Biomechatronics © 2019 Elsevier Inc. 61
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812539-7.00003-9 All rights reserved.