Page 367 - Handbook of Plastics Technologies

PLASTICS ADDITIVES

PLASTICS ADDITIVES 5.47

FIGURE 5.10 CIE chromaticity diagram.

and quinacridones produce reds; disazos, isoindolines, and isoindolinones produce reds to
yellows; anilines produce orange; monoazos produce orange to yellows; anthraquinones,
diarylides, and nickel azos produce yellows; and phthalocyanines produce greens to blues.
Overall, there is a trend to give up inorganics of suspected toxicity and replace them by
organics, but the organics must be chosen carefully to retain the heat and light stability re-
quired in processing and using plastics.

5.8.4 Criteria in Choosing Colorants
A typical checklist includes dispersability, rheology, plate-out, thermal stability, appear-
ance, light fastness, weathering, migration, and toxicity in both processing and use, partic-
ularly in leaching from solid waste.

5.8.5 Market Analysis
In worldwide tonnage, titanium dioxide is about 8 billion pounds. In plastics, inorganic
white pigments were 72 percent of the total market, inorganic colored pigments 8 percent,

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