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building a graphical user interface

Connect code to your button events

When you click on a button, the tkinter event loop captures the event and
looks for something to do with it. The trouble is, as your program stands, you
have not detailed what that something to do is. Your buttons have no code
associated with them, so the events occur but go unnoticed. To connect code to Identify the function to run when
buttons, put the code you want to run in its own function and then name the the button is clicked.
function in the button code by providing a command parameter:

b = Button(app, text = "Click on me!", width = 15, command = button_click)
b.pack(padx = 10, pady = 10)
Click!

Create a function to contain def button_click():
the code that runs when the print("I've just been clicked!")
event occurs. The button is clicked...

Click!

...the event is
responded to...
...and the message
appears on screen.

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