Page 105 - Historical Dictionary of Political Communication in the United States

THE NEW REPUBLIC
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recognized a First Amendment problem but felt the injunction was an appro-
priate punishment. This was the first prior restraint case decided by the Supreme
Court. In subsequent cases, the First Amendment aspect has become the over-
riding consideration.

SOURCES: Kermit L. Hall, Oxford Dictionary Companion to the Supreme Court of the
United States, 1992; Robert Mayer, The Court and the American Crises, 1930-1953,
1955; Near v. Minnesota, 283 U.S. 697, 1931.
Jacqueline Nash Gifford

THE NEW REPUBLIC is a weekly liberal political magazine that was started
in 1914 by Willard Straight. The first editor of the magazine was Herbert Croly.
Croly led the paper through some of the early twentieth century's more demo-
cratic causes, including labor and women's issues. Throughout its history, how-
ever, it has criticized the conservative side of American domestic and foreign
politics, economics, and other societal issues.
The magazine has cultivated a strong reputation among its readers and fellow
journalists for its insights into the political world. It has won numerous awards,
including the National Magazine Award for Excellence in the Public Interest.
The magazine also is known for its talented contributors, who have included
Walter Lippmann, John Dewey, Margaret Sanger, John Steinbeck, and John
Updike.
SOURCES: The New Republic's homepage on the World Wide Web; William Howard
Taft, ed., The Encyclopedia of 20th Century Journalists, 1986.
Jacqueline Nash Gifford

NEWSPAPER EXECUTIVES. See James Gordon Bennett; John and Gardner
Cowles; Benjamin Day; Horace Greeley; Roy Wilson Howard; Joseph Pulitzer.

NEWSPAPERS. See Black Press; Chicago Tribune; New York Times; Spanish-
Language Press; Washington Post.

NEWSWEEK was founded in 1933 by Thomas J. C. Martyn, an Englishman
who had been the first foreign editor of Time. It lost more than $2 million in
its first four years and then was merged with Today. Malcolm Muir, who had
been president of McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, became its president and
publisher.
It had started out as simply a news digest, but it expanded to include back-
ground and interpretation under its new management. Unlike Time, it included
signed columns. In the 1960s it made a major promotional campaign around the
theme "the magazine that separates fact from opinion," an obvious dig at Time.
Nonetheless, Newsweek is generally perceived as the most liberal of the three
newsmagazines, and while the columnists are still there, all the opinion is not
in the columns.