Page 82 - Historical Dictionary of Political Communication in the United States
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AGREEMENTS
JOINT OPERATING
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Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970, requires a court hearing to determine the
need for a joint operating agreement. Many journalists say the law works to
protect multiple voices, but critics maintain that the law is a sham, permitting
JOAs where they are not needed. Perhaps more noteworthy is the fact that while
there were 22 JOAs a quarter century ago, there are only 17 now.
SOURCES: John C. Bustema, Joint Operating Agreements: The Newspaper Preserva-
tion Act and Its Application, 1993; National Newspaper Association, Facts about News-
papers, 1997.
Wallace B. Eberhard
