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Advanced Oxidation Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: An Overview 145

3.2.1.1 Reactors Used for Acoustic Cavitation
Different types of acoustic cavitational reactors are being used including
ultrasonic horn, ultrasonic bath, and multiple frequency flow cells
(Gogate et al., 2011; Hua and Hoffmann, 1997; Koda et al., 2003; Sutkar
and Gogate, 2009; Weavers et al., 1998). Figure 3.1 gives the schematic rep-
resentation of the most commonly used equipment for acoustic cavitation.

Generator

Reaction
mixture

(a) Ultrasonic horn

Reaction mixture

Sound waves

Transducers
(b) Ultrasonic bath

Cooling water-in Thermocouple
Cooling water-out
Transducers
Cooling coil

25 kHz 40 kHz
(c) Dual frequency flow cell
Figure 3.1 Schematic representation of the equipment used for acoustic cavitation.
(Continued)