Page 111 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

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Environment

Manmade Environment
Economy
(technosphere) Human Health
- crops - manmade
- materials landscapes
- buildings - works of art
- monuments

Natural Environment
Biodiversity and
Natural Resources Natural Landscapes
- abiotic - genetic
- biotic - species
- land
- ecosystems
- landscapes
Life Support Functions
- climate regulation
- hydrological cycles
- soil fertility
- biogeochemical cycles

FIGURE 3.4 Classification of AoPs according to societal values. Arrows pointing both ways
express interactions between economy and AoPs. Other arrows indicate main relationships
between AoPs. (Reprinted with permission from Udo de Haes, H.A. and Lindeijer, E., in
Towards Best Available Practice in Life-Cycle Impact Assessment, Udo de Haes et al., Eds.,
©2001 SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL.)

Distribution
Emission Dispersion Exposure Target system Effect Damage
Fate and Exposure Midpoint Endpoint

FIGURE 3.5 Schematic illustration of the definition of midpoint and endpoint levels. (Olsen,
S.I. et al., Reprinted with permission from Environ. Impact Assess. Rev., 21, 385–404, ©2001
with permission from Elsevier.)

© 2004 CRC Press LLC