Page 10 - Integrated Wireless Propagation Models

VIII C o n te n t s

1 . 10.3 Aspects for Predicting the Signal Strengths in a
General Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
1 . 10.4 Predicting the Interference Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
1 . 11 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Additional References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

2 Macrocell Prediction Models-Part 1: Area-to-Area Models 51
2. 1 Free Space Loss ....................................... . 51
2. 2 Plane Earth Model ..................................... . 52
2. 3 Young Model ......................................... . 53
2. 4 Bullington Monograms ................................. . 5 5
2. 4.1 Fading, Refraction from Tropospheric Transmission,
and Diffraction ................................ . 5 6
2. 4.2 Effects of Buildings and Trees .................... . 57
2. 5 Egli Model-One of the Clutter Factor Models ............ . 58
2. 6 The JRC Method ....................................... . 60
2. 7 Terrain-Integrated Rough-Earth Model ................... . 61
2. 7 . 1 Description of TIREM .......................... . 61
2. 7. 2 Summary of Land Propagation Formulas ......... . 62
2. 8 Carey Model .......................................... . 65
2. 9 CCIR Model .......................................... . 66
2. 9.1 Description of the Model ........................ . 66
2. 10 Blomquist-Ladell and Edwards-Durkin Models ........... . 68
2. 11 lbrahim-Parsons Model ................................ . 70
2. 11.1 Findings from the Empirical Data ................ . 70
2. 11.2 Two Proposed Models .......................... . 73
2. 1 2 Okumara-Hata and the Cost 231 Hata Models ............ . 7 5
2. 12.1 Okumura Method Hata Model ................... . 7 5
2. 12.2 Cost 231 Hata Model ........................... . 80
2. 13 Walfisch-Bertoni Model ................................ . 81
2. 14 Ikegami Model ........................................ . 83
2. 1 5 Walfisch-Ikegami Model ............................... . 84
2. 16 Flat-Edge Model ....................................... . 87
2. 17 ITU Model ............................................ . 89
2. 17.1 ITU-R Recommendation P.15 4 6 90
2. 17.2 Recommendation ITU-R P.530-9 .................. . 92
2. 18 On-Body Model ....................................... . 94
2. 18.1 Modell ...................................... . 94
2. 18.2 Model 2 .... . ................................. . 94
2. 19 Summary 95
References 95

3 Macrocell Prediction Models-Part 2: Point-to-Point Models 99
3. 1 The Lee Model ........................................ . 99