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features may be considered as the objectives of knowledge contents development via
Web 2.0.
Contribution Every Internet user has the opportunity to freely provide their knowledge
content to the relevant subject domains.
Sharing Knowledge contents are freely available to others. Secured mechanisms may
be enforced to enable the knowledge sharing among legitimate members within spe-
cifi c communities.
Collaboration Knowledge providers collaboratively create and maintain knowledge
content. Internet users participating in the knowledge content can have conversations
as a kind of social interaction.
Dynamic Knowledge contents are updated constantly to refl ect the changing environ-
ment and situation.
Reliance Rnowledge contribution should be based on trust between knowledge pro-
viders and domain experts.

Once again, the best approach is one of inclusion rather than mutual exclusivity.
KM 1.0 is mainly focused on preserving valuable knowledge that has been created.
KM 2.0 is mainly concerned with user participation, knowledge fl ow and sharing, and
user-generated content with much more rapid feedback and revision of the knowledge.
The two can coexist in much the same way as taxonomies and folksonomies can
coexist. KM 2.0 is closer to the everyday operational concerns of knowledge workers
and serves as an excellent framework for collaboration and conversation with others.
KM 1.0 (as discussed in more detail in the next section) can then periodically access,
assess, incorporate the outputs of KM 2.0, and ensure that they are well preserved and
well organized for future retrieval and reuse.

Networking Technologies
Networking technologies consist of intranets (intra-organizational network), extranets
(inter-organizational network), knowledge repositories, knowledge portals, and web-
based shared workspaces. Liebowitz and Beckman (1998) defi ne knowledge reposito-
ries as an “ on-line computer-based storehouse of expertise, knowledge, experiences,
and documentation about a particular domain of expertise. In creating a knowledge
repository, knowledge is collected, summarized, and integrated across sources. ” Such
repositories are sometimes referred to as experience bases or corporate memories. The
repository can either be fi lled with knowledge by what Van Heijst, Van Der Spek, and
Kruizinga (1997 ) call passive collection, where workers themselves recognize what
knowledge has suffi cient value to be stored in the repository; or active collection,