Page 38 - Laboratory Manual in Physical Geology

A

Trench Mountains

8 Cumulative
Percent of Percent of
Earth’s Surface Continental
Earth’s
shelf
Height (km) 4 0.5 00.5
Surface
6
1.1
2.2 01.6
03.7
2
4.5 08.3
20.9 29.2 Mid-ocean ridge
Sea level 0 Lowlands
8.5 37.7
3.0 40.7 Mountains
Depth (km) 4 4.8 13.9 23.2 45.5 Trench Mid-ocean ridge
2
59.4
82.6
16.4 99.0
6
1.0 100.0
Abyssal
plain
B
Highest mountain (Eve r
Highest mountain (Ever
Highest mountain (Everest, 8.85 km)est, 8.85 km)est, 8.85 km)
8 8 8
Height (km) 6 4 Mountains Average depth of ocean (3.69 km)
Average height of land (0.84 km)
4.53 km
2 Continental
Lowlands shelves
Sea level 0 0
Continental slopes and
mid-ocean ridges
2

Trenches 4
Underlain by Abyssal plains
Granite Depth (km)
Crust Underlain by 6
Basalt
Crust
8
10
Deepest trench (Mariana, 11.04 km)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
C Cumulative Percent of Earth’s Surface

FIGURE 1.11 Global topography of Earth. A. Portion of Earth with ocean water removed, based on satellite-based radar and laser
technologies. B. Histogram of global topography. C. Hypsometric curve (or hypsographic curve) of Earth’s global topography. (Refer to text
for discussion.)

Thinking Like a Geologist ■ 23