Page 122 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

118 5. Development and applicability of life cycle impact assessment methodologies

FIG. 5.6 LCSA system boundary.

Kl€ opffer, 2003). A lot of discussion about the LCSA is still underway (Luu and Halog, 2016a;
Martı ´nez-Blanco et al., 2014; Zamagni et al., 2013; Vahdat Aboueshagh et al., 2014).
There are several typical applications of LCSA. Luu and Halog (2016b) compared the life
cycle sustainability of biomass (i.e., rice hull) power and coal power. The result shows that the
biomass power is much better than the coal power in the sustainability of environment and
cost, but the indicator of the human health of the social impact aspect is a little behind.
Foolmaun and Ramjeawon (2013) compared the life cycle sustainability of four kinds of
methods to deal with PET container bottles. Huang and Mauerhofer (2016) evaluated the life
cycle sustainability of the ground source heat pump. Schau et al. (2012) evaluated the life cycle
sustainability of product remanufacturing. Atilgan and Azapagic (2016) carried out the life
cycle sustainability for Turkey’s electricity and raised a series of sustainability indicators.
In recent years, for example, many scholars have used the LCSA theory into the
remanufacturing field. Warsen et al. (2011) compared the environmental impacts of
the manufacturing and remanufacturing process of manual transmissions, which returned
the result that the improvement of the environment of remanufacturing the transmissions
profits from dramatically decreasing the consumption of material and resource. Charles
et al. (2010) used LCSA methods to evaluate the remanufacturing and the manufacturing pro-
cess of telecommunication equipment in its whole life cycle. The result proved that the
remanufacturing process is better than the manufacturing process in environmental aspects.
Liu et al. (2014) studied the environmental impact of remanufacturing diesel engines on the
basis of the LCA. Shi et al. (2015) studied the environmental impact of remanufacturing liq-
uefied natural gas engines, which has been compared with the remanufacturing of diesel en-
gines. Peng et al. (2016) studied the environmental emission of several kinds of