Page 122 - Lindens Handbook of Batteries

BATTERY STANDARDIZATION 4.19

4.11 REGULATORY AND SAFETY STANDARDS

With the increasing complexity and energy of batteries and the concern about safety, greater atten-
tion is being given to developing regulations and standards with the goal to promote safe operation
in use and transport. Stand-alone safety documents on primary and rechargeable batteries have been
published by IEC and ANSI. In addition, the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) has published several
battery safety standards aimed at the safe operation of UL-approved equipment. 4
Table 4.11a is a list of organizations working on safety standards and the safety standards they
prepared that cover various primary and secondary battery systems.
While the various groups involved in developing safety standards are dedicated to the principle
of harmonization, there are still differences in the procedures, tests, and criteria between the various
standards. It is recommended that users of these standards follow them on a judicious basis, and
place their battery or application in the proper context.
Table 4.11b is a list of organizations that have focused on the safe transport of various goods and
the regulations they have published. These regulations include procedures for the transport of bat-
teries, including lithium batteries.

TABLE 4.11a Safety Standards
Publication Title
American Standards Institute
ANSI C18.1M, Part 2 American National Standard for Portable Primary Cells and
Batteries with Aqueous Electrolyte—Safety Standard
ANSI C18.2M, Part 2 American National Standard for Portable Rechargeable Cells
and Batteries—Safety Standard
ANSI C18.3M, Part 2 American National Standard for Portable Lithium Primary
Cells and Batteries—Safety Standard
International Electrotechnical Commission
IEC 60086-4 Primary Batteries—Part 4: Safety for Lithium Batteries
IEC 60086-5 Primary Batteries—Part 5: Safety of Batteries with Aqueous
Electrolyte
IEC 62281 Safety of Primary and Secondary Lithium Batteries During
Transport
IEC 62133 Safety for Portable Sealed Alkaline Secondary Cells and
Batteries
Underwriters Laboratories
UL1642 Standard for Lithium Batteries
UL2054 Standard for Household and Commercial Batteries

TABLE 4.11b Transportation Recommendations and Regulations

Organization Title
Department of Transportation (DOT) Code of Federal Regulations—Title 49 Transportation
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) TSO C042, Lithium Batteries (referencing RTCA
Document DO-227 ‘‘Minimum Operational Performance
Standards for Lithium Batteries’’)
International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations
International Civil Aviation Association (ICAO) Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous
Goods
United Nations (UN) Recommendations on the Transportation of Dangerous
Goods Manual of Tests and Criteria