Page 278 - Managing Change in Organizations
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                                                                                         Programmes of change


                                                            Reflection




                                        Review against      Learning
                                                                            Learning vehicle
                                         experience           loop



                                                          Experimentation



                                         Definition          Action           Matching of
                                          of need             loop              needs




                                                            Needs gap

                                    Figure 14.3  Strategic learning and action


                                      How do we block out distractions? Well, as we have already implied, this is
                                    partly an issue of cognitive style at the individual level. There are things we can
                                    do at the team and organizational levels, however. Following Grundy (1994), I
                                    include the following:

                                    ■ Manage personal and corporate agendas in order to meet the needs of stake-
                                      holders, your board or other influential people along the way.
                                    ■ Define some ‘givens’ to stabilize the process.
                                    ■ Flexible control to spread learning beyond the top team.
                                    ■ Build learning into the organization through regular customer surveys, staff sur-

                                      veys, quality assurance, performance improvement, etc.
                                    ■ Keep task forces etc. involved until implementation is complete.
                                    ■ Involve top managers at the centre of the process.
                                    ■ Use communication as a vehicle for learning.
                                    All of this has implications for what and how we manage, which I have touched
                                    on at various points in this book.


                                    Programmes of change


                                    Given that major strategic change creates tensions and conflicts, not least within an
                                    organization, and that many fairly rigidly structured organizations already experience




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