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148 Managing Global Warming

4.2.4 Advanced Gas-cooled Reactors

A simplified schematic of an AGR (Torness NPP), ribbed fuel element, thermody-
namic layout, and T-s diagram are shown in Figs. 4.19–4.21, respectively.

4.2.5 Light-water-cooled graphite-moderated reactors: RBMK
and EGP
A simplified schematic, thermodynamic layout, and T-s diagram of a 1000-MW el
RBMK NPP are shown in Figs. 4.22–4.24, respectively. The basic data on the RBMK
are listed in Table 4.1.

4.2.6 Sodium-cooled fast reactor: BN-600 and BN-800

A simplified schematic, thermodynamic layout, and T-s diagram of a 600-MW el
BN-600 NPP are shown in Figs. 4.25–4.27, respectively. The basic data on the Russian
SFRs—BN reactors are listed in Table 4.9.

4.3 Generation IV International Forum

4.3.1 Introduction
This section consists of materials and figures taken directly from the Generation IV
International Forum (GIF) website: https://www.gen-4.org/gif/jcms/c_9260/public
(accessed 17 January 2016); with the permission of the GIF [1]. In general, the
GIF and its six Generation IV nuclear reactor concepts are not the only next-
generation or advanced reactors (ARs) currently under development in the world.
Advanced small modular reactors (SMRs) can be considered under the class of
ARs or next-generation reactors [1]. Other nuclear reactor concepts of the next gen-
eration or ARs are being researched and developed by various nuclear-engineering
companies worldwide, for example, the Traveling Wave Reactor (TWR) by Terra-
Power (http://terrapower.com/pages/technology) in the United States. However, for
the purpose of this book, we will mainly focus on the GIF six Generation IV nuclear
reactor concepts (see reference [1] for further information).

4.3.2 Origins of the GIF

GIF meetings began in January 2000, when the US Department of Energy’s (DOE)
Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology convened a group of senior
governmental representatives from the original nine countries to begin discussions
on international collaboration in the development of Generation IV nuclear energy
systems.
This group, subsequently named the GIF policy group, also decided to form a group
of senior technical experts to explore areas of mutual interest and make recommen-
dations regarding both research and development (R&D) areas and processes by