Page 105 - Manufacturing Engineering and Technology - Kalpakjian, Serope : Schmid, Steven R.

84 Chapter 2 Mechanical Behavior, Testing, and Manufacturing Properties of Materials

KEY TE RMS

Bauschinger effect Engineering strain Modulus of rupture Strength coefficient
Blue brittleness Engineering stress Poisson’s ratio Stress-corrosion cracking
Brittle fracture Fatigue Reduction of area Stress relaxation
Buckling Fatigue failure Residual stresses Superplasticity
Charpy test Flexural strength Rupture Tension
Compression Fracture Shear Torsion test
Creep Hardness Shear modulus Toughness
Defects Impact loading Shore test Transition temperature
Deformation rate Inclusions Strain aging True strain
Disk test Izod test Strain-hardening exponent True stress
Ductile fracture Leeb test Strain rate Ultimate tensile strength
Ductility Microhardness Strain-rate sensitivity Yield stress
Durometer Modulus of elasticity exponent
Elongation Modulus of rigidity Strain softening

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ashby, M.F., Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, Chandler, H., Hardness Testing, 2nd ed., ASM International
3rd ed. Pergamon, 2005. 1999.
Ashby, M.F., and jones, D.R.H., Engineering Materials, Courtney, T.H., Mechanical Behavior of Materials, 2nd ed.,
Vol. 1, An Introduction to Their Properties and Waveland Press, 2005.
Applications,3rd ed., 2005; Vol. 2, An Introduction Davis, ].R. (ed.), Tensile Testing, 2nd ed., ASM International,
to Microstructures, Processing and Design’ 3rd ed., 2004.
2005. Dowling, N.E., Mechanical Behavior of Materials:
ASM Handbook, Vol. 8: Mechanical Testing and Evaluation. Engineering Methods for Deformation, Fracture, and
ASM International, 2000. Fatigue, 3rd ed., Prentice Hall, 2006.
Budinski, K.G., and Budinski, M.K., Engineering Materials: Hosford, WF., Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Cambridge,
Properties and Selection, 8th ed., Prentice Hall, 2004. 2005.
Cardelli, F., Materials Handbook: A Concise Desk Reference, Wulpi, D.]., Understanding How Components Fail, 2nd ed.,
2nd ed., Springer, 2008. ASM International, 1999.

REVIEW QUESTIONS

2.l. Distinguish between engineering stress and true stress. 2.l I. Explain what uniform elongation means in tension
2.2. Describe the events that occur when a specimen under- testing.
goes a tension test. Sketch a plausible stress-strain curve, and 2.I2. Describe the difference between deformation rate and
identify all significant regions and points between them. strain rate. What unit does each one have?
Assume that loading continues up to fracture.
2.l3. Describe the difficulties involved in making a com-
2.3. What is ductility, and how is it measured? pression test.
2.4. In the equation 0' = Ke", which represents the 2.l4. What is Hooke’s law? Young’s modulus? Poisson’s
stress-strain curve for a material, what is the significance of
ratio?
the exponent n?
2.l5. Describe the difference between transgranular and
2.5. What is strain-rate sensitivity, and how is it measured?
intergranular fracture.
2.6. What test can measure the properties of a material un-
dergoing shear strain? 2.|6. What is the reason that yield strength is generally
defined as a 0.2% offset strength?
2.7. What testing procedures can be used to measure the
properties of brittle materials, such as ceramics and carbides? 2.l7. Why does the fatigue strength of a specimen or part
2.8. Describe the differences between brittle and ductile depend on its surface finish?
fracture. 2.|8. If striations are observed under microscopic examina-
2.9. Differentiate between stress relaxation and creep. tion of a fracture surface, what do they suggest regarding the
2.|0. Describe the difference between elastic and plastic mode of fracture?
behavior.