Page 21 - Marine Structural Design

xviii Contents

29.4.2 Risk-Based Fatigue Criteria for Critical Weld Details ..................................................... 526
29.4.3 Risk-Based Compliance Process for Engineering Systems ............................................. 526
29.5 References ............................................................................................................................... 527
CHAPTER 30 RISK ASSESSMENT APPLIED TO OFFSHORE STRUCTURES ................... 529
30.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 529
30.2 Collision Risk .......................................................................................................................... 530
30.2.1 Colliding Vessel Categories ............................................................................................. 530
30.2.2 Collision Frequency ......................................................................................................... 530
30.2.3 Collision Consequence ..................................................................................................... 532
30.2.4 Collision Risk Reduction ................................................................................................. 533
30.3 Explosion Risk ......................................................................................................................... 533
30.3.1 Explosion Frequency ........................................................................................................ 534
30.3.2 Explosion Load Assessment ............................................................................................. 535
30.3.3 Explosion Consequence ................................................................................................... 535
30.3.4 Explosion Risk Reduction ................................................................................................ 536
30.4 Fire Risk .................................................................................................................................. 538
30.4.1 Fire Frequency ................................................................................................................. 538
30.4.2 Fire Load and Consequence Assessment ......................................................................... 539
30.4.3 Fire Risk Reduction .......................................................................................................... 540
30.4.4 Guidance on Fire and Explosion Design .......................................................................... 541
30.5 Dropped Objects ...................................................................................................................... 541
30.5.1 Frequency of Dropped Object Impact .............................................................................. 541
30.5.2 Drop Object Impact Load Assessment ............................................................................. 543
30.5.3 Consequence of Dropped Object Impact ......................................................................... 544
30.6 Case Study - Risk Assessment of Floating Production Systems ............................................. 545
30.6.1 General ............................................................................................................................. 545
30.6.2 Hazard Identification ........................................................................................................ 546
30.6.3 Risk Acceptance Criteria .................................................................................................. 547
30.6.4 Risk Estimation and Reducing Measures ......................................................................... 548
30.6.5 Comparative Risk Analysis .............................................................................................. 550
30.6.6 Risk Based Inspection ...................................................................................................... 551
30.7 Environmental Impact Assessment .......................................................................................... 552
30.8 References ............................................................................................................................... 553
CHAPTER 31 FORMAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT APPLIED TO SHIPPING INDUSTRY ... 555
3 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 555
31.2 Overview of Formal Safety Assessment .................................................................................. 556
3 1.3 Functional Components of Formal Safety Assessment ........................................................... 557
3 1.3.1 System Definition ............................................................................................................. 557
31.3.2 Hazard Identification ........................................................................................................ 559
3 1.3.3 Frequency Analysis of Ship Accidents ............................................................................ 562
31.3.4 Consequence of Ship Accidents ....................................................................................... 563
31.3.5 Risk Evaluation ................................................................................................................ 564
3 1.3.6 Risk Control and Cost-Benefit Analysis .......................................................................... 564
3 1.4 Human and Organizational Factors in FSA ............................................................................. 565
31.5 An Example Application to Ship's Fuel Systems .................................................................... 565
31.6 Concerns Regarding the Use of FSA in Shipping ................................................................... 566
31.7 References ............................................................................................................................... 567
CHAPTER 32 ECONOMIC RISK ASSESSMENT FOR FIELD DEVELOPMENT ................. 569
32.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 569
32.1.1 Field Development Phases ............................................................................................... 569