Page 64 - Mass Media, Mass Propoganda Examining American News in the War on Terror

Chapter 2

Notes

1. Edward Herman, The Myth of the Liberal Media: An Edward Herman Reader
(New York, NY: Peter Lang, 1999), 7 1.
2. Susan Sachs, "Arab Media Portray War as Killing Field," New York Times, 4 April
2003, l(B).
3. Jackson Diehl, "Fallujah's Fallout," Washington Post, 22 November 2004, 19(A).
4. Jim Rutenberg, "Cable's War Coverage Suggests a New 'Fox Effect' on Television
Journalism," New York Times, 16 April 2003, 19(A).
5. Claire Cozens, "Murdoch: Fox News Does Not Favour Bush," Guardian, 26 Octo-
ber 2004, http://media.guardian.co.uk/site/story/0 (4 Jul. 2005).
6. Chalmers Johnson, The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the
Republic (New York, NY: Henry Holt, 2004), 40.
7. Johnson, Sorrows, 52.
8. Norman Solomon, "30 Year Anniversary: Tonkin Gulf Lie Launched Vietnam
War," Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 27 July 1994, http:Nwww.fair.orglindex.php?
-page=2261(7 Jul. 2005).
9. Mickey Z, The Seven Deadly Spins: Exposing the Lies Behind War Propaganda
(Monroe, Me.: Common Courage, 2004), 57.
10. John R. Macarthur, Second Front: Censorship and Propaganda in the Gulf War
(Berkley, Ca.: University of California, 1993), 162.
1 1. Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky, Manufacturing Consent: The Political Econ-
omy of the Mass Media (New York, NY: Pantheon, 1988).
12. Glasgow Media Group, Really Bad News (New York: Writers and Readers, 1982),
1.
13. William L. Rivers, "The Media as Shadow Government," in Agenda Setting: Read-
ings on Media, Public Opinion, and Policymaking, ed. Maxwell McCombs and David L.
Protess (Mahway, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1991), 154.
14. Shanto Iyengar, Is Anyone Responsible? How Television Frames Political Issues
(Chicago: University of Chicago, 1991), 133.
15. Iyengar, Is Anyone Responsible?, 133.
16. Iyengar, Is Anyone Responsible?, 11.; See Also Chomsky and Herman, Manufac-
turing Consent, 2.
17. Shanto Iyengar and Donald R. Kinder, News That Matters: Television and Ameri-
can Opinion (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1987), 133.
18. Iyengar and Kinder, News that Matters, 133.
19. Matthew Engel, "U.S. Media Cowed by Patriotic Fever, Says CBS Star," Guard-
ian, 17 May 2002, http://www.guardian.co.uWbush/story/0,7369,717097.h1(15 Jun.
2005).
20. Paul Farhi, "For Broadcast Media, Patriotism Pays," Common Dreams, 28 March
2003, http://www.commondreams.org/headlinesO3/0328-05.htm (4 Jun. 2005).
21. Anthony DiMaggio, "Interview: Media Critic Robert McChesney," Indy 25, no. 2
(16 April 2003): 8.
22. CNN.com. "T.V. Stations to Air Bin Laden Video," 11 October 2001,
http://archives.cnn.com/20O1/US/10/1 I/ret.media.video/ (25 Aug. 2003).
23. Michael Parenti, America Besieged (San Francisco: City Lights, 1998), 155.
24. Joe Hagan, "Neworks Consider (Marginal) Protest Coverage at RNC," Reclaim the
Media, 25 August 2004, http://www.reclaimthemedia.org!print.php?sto~04/08/25/053-