Page 8 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

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Contents
6.3.1 Zero-Dimensional Nanomaterials.......................... 473
6.3.2 One-Dimensional Nanostructures.......................... 529
6.3.3 Two-Dimensional Nanostructures:
The “Graphene Frontier” .................................. 559

Chapter 7. MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION .................... 585
7.1 OPTICAL MICROSCOPY ........................................ 586
7.2 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY...................................... 588
7.2.1 Electron Sources ........................................... 593
7.2.2 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)................ 597
7.2.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) .................... 617
7.3 SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES
BASED ON PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT ..................... 629
7.3.1 Photoelectron Spectroscopy (PES) ........................ 629
7.3.2 X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) ................. 631
7.3.3 Ion-Bombardment Techniques............................. 634
7.3.4 Atom-Probe Tomography (APT) .......................... 643
7.4 SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY (SPM)..................... 645
7.5 BULK CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES ................. 651

APPENDIX A ................................................................ 669

APPENDIX B ................................................................ 681

APPENDIX C ................................................................ 693
C.1 CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION OF
CARBON NANOTUBES ......................................... 693
C.1.1 Background Information .................................. 693
C.1.2 Procedure.................................................. 695
C.2 SUPERCRITICAL FLUID FACILITATED GROWTH
OF COPPER AND ALUMINUM OXIDE
NANOPARTICLES ............................................... 697
C.2.1 Procedure.................................................. 698
C.3 SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIQUID
CRYSTALS ....................................................... 700
C.3.1 Procedure.................................................. 703
C.4 TEMPLATE SYNTHESIS AND MAGNETIC
MANIPULATION OF NICKEL NANOWIRES ................. 705
C.4.1 Procedure.................................................. 705
C.5 INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY ................ 709
C.5.1 Procedure.................................................. 709
C.6 SYNTHESIS OF GOLD NANOCLUSTERS..................... 712
C.6.1 Procedure.................................................. 712
C.7 SYNTHESIS OF POROUS SILICON ............................ 713
C.7.1 Procedure.................................................. 714